Languages: Difference between revisions

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[[File:WorldUnivAndSchLogo2017-08-18Wave.png|thumb|World University and School Logo Wave]]
--------------------------------------
Welcome to the languages' page of this wiki!
--------------------------------------
 
<div style="text-align:center;">
<big>'''Welcome to {{SITENAME}}'''</big><br />
[https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org Home: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org]
<br />
which [[Help:Editing|anyone can add to or edit]].
<br />The Global, Virtual/Digital, Open, Free, {potentially Degree- and Credit-Granting},
<br />
Multilingual University & School
<br />
where anyone can teach or take a class or course
</div>
{{clear|left}}
 
* Add or take a '''Language'''.
When editing this page, please note a few things:
 
==Select Courses==
* The inexperienced may want to check out the "How to help" section on the "community portal" article linked on the sidebar.
* Remember this page is the most public face of the wiki - test edits are best done on a separate page.
* Sections within "<! --" and "-- >" markers (without the spaces) - like this entire section - are hidden comments, and can be separated by several lines. Be sure not to break them.
* We strongly recommend you do not change the <mainpage-leftcolumn-start /> style tags - these keep your page format safe from unexpected breaks - the left column is first, followed by the right column. See http://help.wikia.com/wiki/Help:Main_page_column_tags for more info.
 
Please note that Wikia protection policy advises against the protection of this page unless it is the active target of vandalism.
 
* Add free, open Languages' courses below.
 
===Courses===
-->
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{| class="infotable sortable"
[[Image:AphiloWorldUniversitySchool5Sep07.jpg|200px|thumb|left|World University and School {in a virtual world}]]
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add free, open Languages' courses</span>
! Web Site
! Organization (if any)
! Degree / Non-degree
! Instructor's Name
! Location
! Other Info
! Language
! Tags
|-
| MIT OCW Course Finder - Languages
| http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/find-by-topic/#cat=humanities&subcat=language
| MIT OCW
| non-degree
|
| Browser
| Start anytime
| English
|
|-
| MIT OCW Translated Courses
| http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/translated-courses/
| MIT
| non-degree
|
| Browser
| Start anytime
| English
|
|-
| Course's Name
| http://
|
| non-degree
|
| Browser
| Start anytime
| English
|
|}
 
<div style="text-align:center;">
<big>'''Welcome to {{SITENAME}}'''</big><br/>
which [[Help:Editing|anyone can add to or edit]].
<br />The Global, Virtual/Digital, Open, Free, {potentially Degree- and Credit-Granting},
<br>
Multilingual University & School
<br>
where anyone can teach or take a class or course
</div>
 
==Languages - About==
 
* Each language is an university or a school, like the current one in English.
* Here are list of 281 Wikipedias, as one basis for WUaS Languages: http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias.
* The Ethnologue is a list of 7,105 known living languages, as another basis for WUaS Languages: http://www.ethnologue.com/.
* Add languages below, and create a link to a new page for each new subject to wiki-add courses, and teaching and learning resources.
* Also see http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Help:Languages.
* Create World University and School in this language, any way you want, but you can start, too, using 'Courses' and 'Subjects.'
* For each new language, which will become a University and School itself, add language instruction in that language, and to/from that language; this language instruction may become the beginning point for many of these universities/schools.
* If literacy is a big key to reducing the population explosion especially in the emerging world, WUaS would like to prioritize its wiki language universities & schools' development (the plan is to develop a school in each of 3000-8000 languages) for women beginning around age 5 in countries with highest birth rates on OLPCs and similar computers.
* Mathematical symbols and languages too, so all symbols, as wiki, to allow for the creation of new symbols.
 
 
===WUaS Universal Translator===
<br>
==Languages==
 
https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/WUaS_Universal_Translator
* Add languages below, and create a link to a new page for each new subject to list courses.
* Also see http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Help:Languages
* Create World University and School in this language, any way you want, but you can start, too, using 'Courses' and 'Subjects.'
* For each new language, which will become a University and School itself, add language instruction in that language, and to/from that language.
 
World University and School, building on Google Translate with its at least 58 languages - http://translate.google.com/# - may become the basis for a WUaS Universal Translator, for conversation, translation and academic research, perhaps with a focus on context, to complement other online, translation projects.
<br>
 
MIT OpenCourseware. 2012. [http://www.universalsubtitles.org/en/teams/MIT-OCW/ MIT OpenCourseware]. Cambridge, MA: www.universalsubtitles.org/en/teams/MIT-OCW/
 
One Laptop per Child Translate. 2012. http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Translate
 
The Rosetta Project. 2010. [http://www.rosettaproject.org/about/ The Rosetta Project: A Long Now Foundation Library of Human Language]. Long Now Foundation.
 
Sugar Labs: Translation System. 2011. [http://translate.sugarlabs.org/ Sugar Labs: Translation System]. (his is the translation server for Sugarlabs. Information on how to use this server can be found in the Translation Team page in the SugarLabs wiki. This server uses Pootle, a free and open source software to enable volunteers to easily translate software into their own languages). Cambridge, MA: Sugar Labs.
 
TED Open Translation Project. 2011. [http://www.ted.com/translate The TED Open Translation Project ]. The TED Open Translation Project brings TEDTalks beyond the English-speaking world by offering subtitles, interactive transcripts and the ability for any talk to be translated by volunteers worldwide. Monterey, CA: TED Talks.
 
Van Grove, Jennifer. 2010. [http://mashable.com/2010/04/29/google-virtual-keyboards/ Google Adds Virtual Keyboards for Search in 35 Languages]. April 29. Mashable.com
 
 
 
* http://universitiesandcolleges.org/language-learning-resources/#general
 
To start a new language - for a Language Template - use this Language Template: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/LANGUAGE_TEMPLATE
 
 
 
===Individual Languages===
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add Languages</span>
|-
! Web Site
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add Languages - to which to link '''free, open''' courses</span>
! LanguageOrganization (localif any)
! Degree / Non-degree
! Countries where this language is spoken
! Instructor's Name
! University and School - Espanol
! Location
! Language Editor
! Other Info
! Language
! Tags
! Universal Translator
! Google Translate
! As Wikipedia Language
! Other Translator
|-
| FSI Language Courses
| [[w:English language|English]]
| http://www.fsi-language-courses.org/
| class="plainlinksneverexpand" | [{{fullurl:en:English_language}} English]
| US Government
 
| Non-degree
|
| Browser
| Welcome to fsi-language-courses.org - the home for language courses developed by the Foreign Service Institute. These courses were developed by the United States government and are in the public domain. This site is dedicated to making these language courses freely available in an electronic format. This site is not affiliated in any way with any government entity; it is an independent, non-profit effort to foster the learning of worldwide languages. Courses here are made available through the private efforts of individuals who are donating their time and resources to provide quality materials for language learning.
|
|
|-
|
|Kinyarwanda language | Kinyarwanda || Kinyarwanda | Ikinyarwanda || Rwanda
|
|
| Non-degree
|
| Browser
|
|
|
|}
 
|-
|Swahili language | Swahili || Kiswahili | Kiswahili || Rwanda
 
|-
|Afar language | Afar || aa: | Afar || Ethiopia
 
|-
|Amharic language | Amharic || አማርኛ | አማርኛ || Ethiopia
 
|-
|Anfillo language | Anfillo || | Anfillo || Ethiopia
 
|-
|Awngi language | Awngi || | Awngi || Ethiopia ||
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
!<span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add Languages - to which to link '''free, open''' courses</span>
!Language (local)
!Countries where this language is spoken
!University and School
!Language Moderator
|-
|[[Akan]]
|Esperanto | Esperanto || Esperanto | Esperanto || Many countries | http://www.esperanto.org/stanford/ ||
|[[Akana]]
 
|-
|[[Amharic language]]
|Berta language | Berta || | Berta || Ethiopia
|አማርኛ
 
|Ethiopia
|-
|BussaArabic language | Bussa || | Bussa || Ethiopia
|[[Arabic language]]
 
|العربية
|Learn Arabic
|http://www.word2word.com/coursead.html#arabic
|Standish, Sarah. 2010. [http://lincolnarabic.wordpress.com/ Learn Arabic]. Syllabus. Portland, OR: Lincoln High School.
|-
|[[Armenian language]]
|Burji language | Burji || | Burji || Ethiopia
|Հայերեն
 
|-
|[[Aymara language]]
|Gamo-Gofa language | Gamo-Gofa || | Gamo-Gofa || Ethiopia
|Aymar
 
|
|
|-
|[[Bantu languages]]
|Gurage language | Gurage || | Gurage || Ethiopia
|Bantu
 
|-
|[[Basque language]]
|Hadiya language | Hadiya || | Hadiya || Ethiopia
|Euskara
 
|-
| [[Bassa language]]
|Harari language | Harari || | Harari || Ethiopia
|Bassa
 
|Liberia
|-
|[[Bengali / Bangla language]]
|Kambata language | Kambata || | Kambata || Ethiopia
|[[Bengali language]]
 
|[[Bengali / Bangla]]
|বাংলা
|-
|[[Bhutanese / Dzongkha language]]
|Konso language | Konso || | Konso || Ethiopia
|ཇོང་ཁ
 
|-
|[[Bulgarian]]
|Ongota language | Ongota || | Ongota || Ethiopia
|[[Български]]
 
|-
|[[Catalan language]]
|Oromo language | Oromo || Afaan Oromoo | Oromoo || Ethiopia
|[[Català]]
 
|-
|[[Chinook language]]
|Saho language | Saho || Saho | Saho || Ethiopia
|(Warm Springs' Indian Reservation, Oregon)
 
|http://www.multilingualbooks.com/onlinedicts-nativeamerican.html
|http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/15672
|-
|[[Chukchansi language]]
|Sidama language | Sidama || Sidama | Sidama || Ethiopia
|[[Chukchansi]]
 
|-
|[[Croatian language]]
|Silt'e language | Silt'e || Silt'e | Silt'e || Ethiopia
|[[Hrvatski]]
 
|-
|[[Delaware language]]
|Soddo language | Soddo || Soddo | Soddo || Ethiopia
|[[United States]]
 
|-
|[[Danish language]]
|Somali language | Somali || Af_Soomaali | Soomaaliga || Ethiopia
|[[Dansk]]
 
|-
|[[Dutch language]]
|Tigrinya language | Tigrinya || ትግርኛ_ፊደል | ትግርኛ || Ethiopia
|[[Nederlands]]
 
|-
|[[English language]]
|Wolaytta language | Wolaytta || Wolaytta | Wolaytta || Ethiopia
|[[England]]
 
|-
|[[Estonian language]]
|Xamtanga language | Xamtanga || Xamtanga | Xamtanga || Ethiopia
|[[Eesti language]]
|-
|[[Finnish language]]
|[[Suomi]]
|-
|[[Fon language]]
|Yorùbá
|-
|[[French language]]
|[[Français]]
|-
|[[German language]]
|Deutsch
|Learning and teaching German - http://www.dw-world.de/dw/0,,2547,00.html
|-
| [[Grebo language]]
|Grebo
|Liberia
|-
|[[Greek language]]
|Ελληνικά
|-
|[[Gujarati language]]
|ગુજરાતી
|-
|[[Hindi language]]
|हिन्दी
|-
|[[Hindko_language]]
|
|-
|[[Hupa language]]
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hupa_language
|http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~hupa/hupa-lexicon.html
|-
|[[Icelandic language]]
|[[Íslenska]]
 
|-
|Zay[[Igbo language | Zay || Zay | Zay || Ethiopia]]
|Igbo
 
|-
|[[Inuktitut language (Inuit)]]
|ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ
|-
|[[Italian language]]
|Italian
|Italiano
|-
|[[Japanese language]]
|Japanese
|[[日本語]]
|-
|[[Javanese language]]
|Basa Jawa
|-
|[[Khmer language]]
|Khmer
|ភាសាខ្មែរ
|-
|[[Kinyarwanda language]]
|Ikinyarwanda
|Rwanda
|-
|[[Kiyombe or Yombe language]]
|Kiyombe or Yombe (ISO 639-3: yom)
|a dialect of the Kongo language of western Central Africa spoken by the Yombe people
|-
|[[Korean language]]
|Korean
|한국어
|한국어
|Cambodia
|-
|[[Kuna language]]
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuna_language
|-
|[[Kurdish]]
|Kurdî / كوردی
|-
|[[Latin language]]
|Latina
|-
| [[Liberian English language]]
|Liberian English language
|Liberia
|-
|[[Luganda language]]
|Luganda
|-
|[[Malay/Indonesian language]]
|Bahasa Indonesia
|-
|[[Maithili language]]
|Maithili language
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maithili_language
|#Wikipedia - Now in #Maithili - http://ultimategerardm.blogspot.com/2014/11/wikipedia-now-in-maithili.html
|
|-
|[[Mandarin language (Chinese)]]
|[[中文]]
 
|-
|[[Guoyu language (Chinese)]]
|Quechua language | Quechua || Qhichwa_simi | Runa Simi ||
|[[国语]]
 
|-
|[[Min language (Chinese)]]
|Arawakan Languages | Arawakan Languages || Arawakan Languages | Arawakan Languages || Colombia | includes Arahuacan, Arawakanas, Arahuacano, Maipurean, Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúrean
|[[...]]
 
 
|-
|[[Wu language (Chinese)]]
|Haitian language | Haitian || Lang_kreyòl ayisyen | Krèyol ayisyen || Haiti
|[[...]]
 
 
|-
|[[Cantonese (Yue) language (Chinese)]]
|Nahuatl language | Nahuatl || Nāhuatlahtōlli | Nāhuatl (Mexicano, Mexicanero, Nahuat, Nahual, Melatahtol) || Mexico
|[[ 粵語]]
 
|-
|Yucatec Maya (Maaya t'aan) | Yucatec Maya (Maaya t'aan) || Yucatec Maya (Maaya t'aan) | Yucatec Maya (Maaya t'aan) || Mexico
 
|-
|[[Jin language (Chinese)]]
|Mixtec (Tu'un sávi) | Mixtec (Tu'un sávi) || Mixtec (Tu'un sávi) | Mixtec (Tu'un sávi) || Mexico
|[[...]]
 
|-
|[[Gan language (Chinese)]]
|Zapotec (Binizaa) | Zapotec (Binizaa) || Zapotec (Binizaa) | Zapotec (Binizaa)) || Mexico
|[[...]]
 
|-
|[[HHakka (Kejia) language (Chinese)]]
|Tzeltal Maya (K'op o winik atel) | Tzeltal Maya (K'op o winik atel) || Tzeltal Maya (K'op o winik atel) | Tzeltal Maya (K'op o winik atel) || Mexico
|[[...]]
 
|-
|[[Xiang language (Chinese)]]
|Tzotzil Maya (Batsil k'op) | Tzotzil Maya (Batsil k'op) || Tzotzil Maya (Batsil k'op) | Tzotzil Maya (Batsil k'op)) || Mexico
|[[...]]
 
 
|-
|[[Marathi language]]
|Otomí (Hñä hñü) | Otomí (Hñä hñü) || Otomí (Hñä hñü) | Otomí (Hñä hñü) || Mexico
|मराठी
 
|-
|[[Nante]]
|Totonac (Tachihuiin) | Totonac (Tachihuiin) || Totonac (Tachihuiin) | Totonac (Tachihuiin) || Mexico
|[[Nante]]
 
|Beier, Christine. 2010. [http://cabeceras.org/beier2010/beier2010dissertation.htm The social life and sound patterns of Nanti ways of speaking]. University of Texas Ph.D.
|-
|[[Nepali]]
|Mazatec (Ha shuta enima) | Mazatec (Ha shuta enima) || Mazatec (Ha shuta enima) | Mazatec (Ha shuta enima) || Mexico
|नेपाली
 
|Karmacharya, Rabi . 2010. [http://www.flickr.com/photos/dcmetroblogger/4680065601/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+OneLaptopPerChildNews+%28One+Laptop+Per+Child+News%29 Rabi Karmacharya proudly displaying Nepali teacher workbook]. (OLE Nepal has created extensive lesson plans and teaching guides to help Nepali educators empower children's learning, using technology. Note that the emphasis is on education, not technology; OLPC News). flickr.com
 
|-
|[[Newar / Nepal Bhasa]]
|Ch'ol (Mayan) (Winik) | Ch'ol (Mayan) (Winik) || Ch'ol (Mayan) (Winik) | Ch'ol (Mayan) (Winik) || Mexico
|नेपाल भाषा
 
|-
|[[Norwegian (Bokmål)]]
|Huastec (Téenek) | Huastec (Téenek) || Huastec (Téenek) | Huastec (Téenek) || Mexico
|[[Norsk (Bokmål)]]
 
|-
|[[Norwegian (Nynorsk)]]
|Chinantec (Tsa jujmí) | Chinantec (Tsa jujmí) || Chinantec (Tsa jujmí) | Chinantec (Tsa jujmí) || Mexico
|[[Nynorsk]]
 
 
|-
|[[Persian language]]
|Mixe (Ayüük) | Mixe (Ayüük) || Mixe (Ayüük) | Mixe (Ayüük) || Mexico
|[[فارسی]]
 
|-
|[[Polish]]
|Mazahua (Jñatho) | Mazahua (Jñatho) || Mazahua (Jñatho) | Mazahua (Jñatho) || Mexico
|Polski
 
|-
|[[Portuguese language]]
|Tarascan (P'urhépechas) | Tarascan (P'urhépechas) || Tarascan (P'urhépechas) | Tarascan (P'urhépechas) || Mexico
|[[Português]]
 
|Moreira, Sara, and Eleanor Staniforth (Translator). 2011. [http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/02/23/a-declaration-of-love-to-the-portuguese-language-in-all-its-variations/ A declaration of love to the Portuguese language, in all its variations]. February 23. Globalvoicesonline.org.
|-
|Punjabi
|Tlapanec (Me'phaa)
|[[Punjabi language]]
 
|ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
|-
|[[Romani languages]]
|Tarahumara (Rarámuri)
|romani - रोमानी
 
|-
|[[Romanian language]]
|Amuzgo (Tzañcue)
|[[Română]]
 
|-
|[[Romansh language]]
|Chatino (Cha'cña)
|[[Rumantsch]]
 
|-
|[[Russian language]]
|Tojolab'al (Tojolwinik otik)
|[[Русский]]
 
|http://globalvoicesonline.org/2010/05/15/russia-first-cyrillic-domains-go-online/
|Russian Library: http://lib.ru/
|-
|[[Sahaptin language]]
|Popoluca (Zoquean) (Tuncápxe)
|Yakama language
 
|http://www.ethnologue.com/language/yak
|Washington state, Yakama Nation
|-
|[[Sanskrit]]
|Chontal de Tabasco (Yokot t'an)
|http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9uoNo8S7Jo
 
|-
|[[Scottish Gaelic language]]
|Huichol (Wixárika)
|Gàidhlig
 
|-
|[[Scots]]
|http://www.ayecan.com/
|-
|[[Scots language]]
|http://www.ayecan.com/
|-
|[[Sinhala language]]
|සිංහල
|-
|[[Slovenian]]
|Slovenščina
|-
|[[Somali language]]
|Soomaaliga
|[[Somalia]]
|-
|[[Spanish language]]
| Spain | http://es.worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Portada
|-
|[[Swahili]]
|Kiswahili
|Rwanda
|-
|[[Swedish]]
|Svenska
|-
|[[Swedish language]]
|Svenska
|-
|[[Tamil language]]
|[[தமிழ்]]
|-
|[[Telugu language]]
|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_language
|-
|[[Thai language]]
|[[ไทย]]
|-
|[[Tibetan language]]
|[[བོད་སྐད]]
|-
|[[Tswana]]
|Setswana
|-
|[[Turkish language]]
|[[Türkçe]]
|-
|[[Twi]]
|[[Twi]]
|-
|[[Ukrainian language]]
|[[Українська]]
|-
|Urdu
|[[Urdu language]]
|اردو
|-
| [[Vai language]]
|Vai
|Liberia
|-
|[[Vietnamese]]
|[[Vietnamese language]]
|Tiếng Việt
|[http://www.olpcnews.com/people/volunteers/olpc_vietnam_an_xo_dream_reali.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+OneLaptopPerChildNews+%28One+Laptop+Per+Child+News%29 One Laptop per Child Certificate of Completion].
|-
|[[Welsh]]
|Cymraeg
|-
|[[Wu language (Chinese)]]
|
|-
|[[Yoruba language]]
|Yorùbá
|-
|[[Zapotec languages]]
|[[Zapotec Dizaa]]
|https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapotec_languages
|Mexico
|-
|[[Zulu language]]
|[[isiZulu]]
|-
|Ido
|Ido
|-
|Afar
|Afar
|Ethiopia
|-
|[[Algonquian language]]
|Algonquian language
|Canada
|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algonquin_language
|-
|[[Algonquian languages]]
|Algonquian languages
|North America
|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algonquin_languages
|-
|Anfillo
|Anfillo
|Ethiopia
|-
|Awngi
|Awngi
|Ethiopia
|
|-
|Esperanto
|Esperanto
|http://www.esperanto.org/stanford/
|
|-
|Berta
|Berta
|Ethiopia
|-
|Bussa
|Bussa
|Ethiopia
|-
|Burji
|Burji
|Ethiopia
|-
|Gamo-Gofa
|Gamo-Gofa
|Ethiopia
|-
|Gurage
|Gurage
|Ethiopia
|-
|Hadiya
|Hadiya
|Ethiopia
|-
|Harari
|Harari
|Ethiopia
|-
|Kĩsêdjê
|http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2013/student-profile-rafael-nonato-0722.html
|Amazonia
|-
|Kambata
|Kambata
|Ethiopia
|-
|Konso
|Konso
|Ethiopia
|-
|Luhya
|Luhya
|Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania
|-
|Ongota
|Ongota
|Ethiopia
|-
|Oromo
|Oromoo
|Ethiopia
|-
|Saho
|Saho
|Ethiopia
|-
|Sidama
|Sidama
|Ethiopia
|-
|Silt'e
|Silt'e
|Ethiopia
|-
|Soddo
|Soddo
|Ethiopia
|-
|Tigrinya
|ትግርኛ
|Ethiopia
|-
|Wolaytta
|Wolaytta
|Ethiopia
|-
|Xamtanga
|Xamtanga
|Ethiopia
|-
|Zay
|Zay
|Ethiopia
|-
|Quechua
|Runa Simi
|
|-
|Arawakan Languages
|Arawakan Languages
|includes Arahuacan, Arawakanas, Arahuacano, Maipurean, Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúrean
|-
|[[Haitian Creole (Kreyòl Ayisyen) language]]
|Krèyol ayisyen
|Haitian Krèyol
|
|Haiti
|-
|Nahuatl
|Nāhuatl (Mexicano, Mexicanero, Nahuat, Nahual, Melatahtol)
|Mexico
|-
|Yucatec Maya (Maaya t'aan)
|Yucatec Maya (Maaya t'aan)
|Mexico
|-
|Mixtec (Tu'un sávi)
|Mixtec (Tu'un sávi)
|Mexico
|-
|Tzeltal Maya (K'op o winik atel)
|Tzeltal Maya (K'op o winik atel)
|Mexico
|-
|Tzotzil Maya (Batsil k'op)
|Tzotzil Maya (Batsil k'op))
|Mexico
|-
|Otomí (Hñä hñü)
|Otomí (Hñä hñü)
|Mexico
|-
|Totonac (Tachihuiin)
|Totonac (Tachihuiin)
|Mexico
|-
|Mazatec (Ha shuta enima)
|Mazatec (Ha shuta enima)
|Mexico
|-
|Ch'ol (Mayan) (Winik)
|Ch'ol (Mayan) (Winik)
|Mexico
|-
|Huastec (Téenek)
|Huastec (Téenek)
|Mexico
| SJ. 2011. [http://blog.laptop.org/2011/10/04/sugar-translation-into-teenek-huastec/ Sugar translation into Téenek (Huastec)]. October 4. Cambridge, MA: blog.laptop.org.
|-
|Chinantec (Tsa jujmí)
|Chinantec (Tsa jujmí)
|Mexico
|-
|Mixe (Ayüük)
|Mixe (Ayüük)
|Mexico
|-
|Mazahua (Jñatho)
|Mazahua (Jñatho)
|Mexico
|-
|Tarascan (P'urhépechas)
|Tarascan (P'urhépechas)
|Mexico
|-
|Tlapanec (Me'phaa)
|-
|Tarahumara (Rarámuri)
|-
|Amuzgo (Tzañcue)
|-
|Chatino (Cha'cña)
|-
|Tojolab'al (Tojolwinik otik)
|-
|Popoluca (Zoquean) (Tuncápxe)
|-
|Chontal de Tabasco (Yokot t'an)
|-
|Huichol (Wixárika)
|-
|Mayo (Yoreme)
 
|-
|Tepehuán (O'odham)
 
|-
|Trique (Tinujéi)
 
|-
|Cora (Naáyarite)
 
|-
|Popoloca (Oto-manguean)
 
|-
|Huave (Ikoods)
 
|-
|Cuicatec (Nduudu yu)
 
|-
|Yaqui (Yoreme)
 
|-
|Q'anjob'al
 
|-
|Tepehua (Hamasipini)
 
|-
|Pame (Xigüe)
 
|-
|Mam (Qyool)
 
|-
|Chontal de Oaxaca (Slijuala sihanuk)
 
|-
|Chuj
 
|-
|Tacuate (Mixtec de Santa María Zacatepec) (Tu'un Va'a)
 
|-
|Chichimeca jonaz (Úza)
 
|-
|Guarijío (Makurawe)
 
|-
|Chocho (Runixa ngiigua)
 
|-
|Pima Bajo (O'odham)
 
|-
|Q'eqchí (Q'eqchí)
 
|-
|Lacandón (Hach t'an)
 
|-
|Jakaltek (Poptí) (Abxubal)
 
|-
|Matlatzinca/Ocuilteco (Tlahuica)
 
|-
|Seri (Cmiique iitom)
 
|-
|Ixcatec
 
|-
|K'iche'
 
|-
|Kaqchikel
 
|-
|Paipai (Akwa'ala)
 
|-
|Cucapá (Es péi)
 
|-
|Mototzintleco (Qatok)
 
|-
|Kumiai (Ti'pai)
 
|-
|Pápago (Tohono O'odham)
 
|-
|Kikapú (Kikapooa)
 
|-
|Ixil
 
|-
|Cochimí (Laymón, mti'pá)
 
|-
|Kiliwa (Ko'lew)
 
|-
|Aguacatec
|-
|Dari
|Dari
|Afghanistan
|-
|Pashto
|[[Pashto_language]]
|پښتو
|Afghanistan
|-
|Uzbek
|O‘zbek
|Afghanistan
|-
|Turkmen
|تركمن / Туркмен
|Afghanistan
|-
|Balochi
|[[Balochi_language]]
|Afghanistan
|-
|Nuristani
|Nuristani
|Afghanistan
|-
|Pashai
|Pashai
|Afghanistan
|-
|Brahui
|[[Brahui_language]]
|Afghanistan
|-
|Khalkha Mongolian
|Khalkha Mongolian
|Mongolia
|-
|Kazakh
|Қазақша
|Mongolia
|Kazakhstan: Controversy Over State Language Promotion - http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/08/25/kazakhstan-controversy-over-state-language-promotion/
|-
|Tuvan
|Tuvan
|Mongolia
|-
|Tok Pisin
|Tok Pisin
|Papua New Guineau
|-
|Hiri Motu
|Hiri Motu
|Papua New Guineau
|-
|Volapük
|Volapük
|-
|Esperanto
|Esperanto
|-
|Czech
|Čeština
|-
|Slovak
|Slovenčina
|-
|Hungarian
|Magyar
|-
|Hebrew
|עברית]
 
|-
|Serbian language
|Serbian
|Српски_језик
|Српски / Srpski
|-
|Telugu
|తెలుగు
 
|
|-
|Galician language
|Galego language
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_language
|-
|Cebuano
|Sinugboanong Binisaya
|-
|Malay
|Bahasa Melayu
|-
|Bosnian
|Bosanski
|-
|Bishnupriya Manipuri
|ইমার ঠার/বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
|-
|Luxembourgish
|Lëtzebuergesch
|-
|Georgian
|ქართული
|-
|Albanian
|Shqip
|-
|Breton
|Brezhoneg
|-
|[[Azeri language]]
|Azərbaycan
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijani_language
|-
|Macedonian
|Македонски
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски
|-
|Tagalog
|Tagalog
|-
|Piedmontese
|Piemontèis
|-
|Latvian
|Dari (Eastern Persian) | Dari || Dari | Dari || Afghanistan
|Latviešu
 
|-
|[[Lithuanian language]]
|Pashto language | Pashto || پښتو | پښتو || Afghanistan
|Lietuvių
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language
|https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lietuvi%C5%B3_kalba
 
|-
|Sundanese
|Uzbek language | Uzbek || Oʻzbek_tili | O‘zbek || Afghanistan
|Basa Sunda
|-
|Occitan
|Occitan
|-
|Neapolitan
|Nnapulitano
|-
|Low Saxon
|Plattdüütsch
|-
|Sicilian
|Sicilianu
|-
|Belarusian
|Беларуская
|-
|Asturian
|Asturianu
|-
|Walloon
|Walon
|-
|Afrikaans
|Afrikaans
|-
|Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa)
|Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
|-
|Aragonese
|Aragonés
|-
|Tajik
|Тоҷикӣ
|-
|Ripuarian
|Ripoarisch
|-
|West Frisian
|Frysk
|-
|Chuvash
|Чăваш
|-
|Venetian
|Vèneto
|-
|Tarantino
|Tarandíne
|-
|Irish
|Gaeilge
|-
|Samogitian
|Žemaitėška
|-
|Maori
|Māori
|-
|Malayalam
|മലയാളം
|-
|Corsican
|Corsu
|-
|Kannada
|ಕನ್ನಡ
|-
|Kapampangan
|Kapampangan
|-
|Yiddish
|ייִדיש
|-
|Upper Sorbian
|Hornjoserbsce
|-
|Interlingua
|Interlingua
|-
|Limburgian
|Limburgs
|-
|Alemannic
|Alemannisch
|-
|Tatar
|Tatarça / Татарча
|-
|Aromanian
|Armãneashce
|-
|Min Nan
|Bân-lâm-gú
|-
|Pangasinan
|Pangasinan
|-
|Banyumasan
|Basa Banyumasan
|-
|Wu
|吴语
|-
|Faroese
|Føroyskt
|-
|Norman
|Nouormand/Normaund
|-
|West Flemish
|West-Vlams
|-
|Lombard
|Lumbaart
|-
|Dutch Low Saxon
|Nedersaksisch
|-
|Northern Sami
|Sámegiella
|-
|Waray-Waray
|Winaray
|-
|Friulian
|Furlan
|-
|Ligurian
|Líguru
|-
|Novial
|Novial
|-
|Divehi
|ދިވެހިބަސް
|-
|Bihari
|भोजपुरी
|-
|Zazaki
|Zazaki
|-
|Pali
|पाऴि
|-
|Ilokano
|Ilokano
|-
|Ossetian
|Иронау
|-
|Classical Chinese
|古文 / 文言文
|-
|Maltese
|Malti
|-
|Franco-Provençal/Arpitan
|Arpitan
|-
|Ladino
|Dzhudezmo
|-
|Võro
|Võro
|-
|Pennsylvania German
|Deitsch
|-
|Kashubian
|Kaszëbsczi
|-
|Bavarian
|Boarisch
|-
|Cornish
|Kernewek/Karnuack
|-
[[Tongan language]]
|faka Tonga
|-
| Mongolian |<nowiki> Монгол хэл | Монгол</nowiki>
|-
|Hawaiian
|Hawai`i
|-
|Manx
|Gaelg
|-
|Anglo-Saxon
|English
|-
|Lingala
|Lingala
|-
|Interlingue
|Interlingue
|-
|Tahitian
|Reo Mā`ohi
|-
|Crimean Tatar
|Qırımtatarca
|-
|Wolof
|Wolof
|-
|Lojban
|Lojban
|-
|Saraiki
|Sardu
[[Saraiki_language]]
 
|-
|Sardinian
|Turkmen language | Turkmen || Türkmen_dili | تركمن / Туркмен || Afghanistan
|Sardu
|-
|Zealandic
|Zeêuws
|-
|Emilian-Romagnol
|Emiliàn e rumagnòl
|-
|Kirghiz
|Кыргызча
 
|-
|Oriya
|Balochi | Balochi || Balochi | Balochi || Afghanistan
|ଓଡ଼ିଆ
|-
|Malagasy
|Malagasy
|-
|Zamboanga Chavacano
|Chavacano de Zamboanga
|-
|Kongo
|[[KiKongo language]]
|-
|Gilaki
|گیلکی
|-
|Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
|ܐܪܡܝܐ
|-
|Guarani
|Avañe'ẽ
|http://globalvoicesonline.org/2010/04/21/paraguay-spreading-the-guarani-language-through-blogging/
|-
|Moldovan
|Молдовеняскэ
|-
|Kabyle
|Taqbaylit
|-
|Kashmiri
|कश्मीरी / كشميري
|-
|Saterland Frisian
|Seeltersk
|-
|Chechen
|Нохчийн
|-
|Central_Bicolano
|Bikol
|-
|Udmurt
|Удмурт кыл
|-
|Mazandarani
|مَزِروني
|-
|Papiamentu
|Papiamentu
|-
|Old Church Slavonic
|Словѣньскъ
|-
|Sakha
|Саха тыла
|-
|Tetum
|Tetun
|-
|Sindhi
|[[Sindhi_language]]
|سنڌي، سندھی ، सिन्ध
|-
|Lao
|ລາວ
|-
|Bashkir
|Башҡорт
|-
|Nauruan
|dorerin Naoero
|-
|Gothic
|𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺
|-
|Lower Sorbian
|Dolnoserbski
|-
|[[Lushootseed language]]
|Salish
|Washington state, Puget Sound area, Snoqualmie peoples
|-
|[[Cherokee language]]
|ᏣᎳᎩ
|-
|Min Dong
|Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄
|-
|Hakka
|Hak-kâ-fa / 客家話
|-
|Burmese
|မ္ရန္မာစာ
|-
|Samoan
|Gagana Samoa
|-
|Ewe
|Eʋegbe
|-
|Uyghur
|Oyghurque
|-
|Assamese
|অসমীয়া
|-
|Avar
|Авар
|-
|[[Bambara language]]
|Bamanankan
|-
|Navajo
|Diné bizaad
|-
|Cree
|Nehiyaw
|-
|Norfolk
|Norfuk
|-
|Swati
|SiSwati
|-
|Venda
|Tshivenda
|-
|Bislama
|Bislama
|-
|Chamorro
|Chamoru
|-
|Xhosa
|isiXhosa
|-
|Greenlandic
|Kalaallisut
|-
|Inupiak
|Iñupiak
|-
|Buginese
|Basa Ugi
|-
|Tsonga
|Xitsonga
|-
|Komi
|Коми
|-
|Tumbuka
|chiTumbuka
|-
|Kalmyk
|Хальмг
|-
|Sesotho
|Sesotho
|-
|How to Install kasahorow Keyboard for MacOSX African Languages
|http://imperfect-black.blogspot.com/2010/08/how-to-install-kasahorow-keyboard-for.html
|-
|McWhorter, John. 2010. [http://www.theroot.com/views/let-s-explore-our-real-african-roots Speaking Swahili for Kwanzaa? Instead, try learning a tongue that the ancestors of black Americans actually used]. theroot.com.
|
|-
|Buryat (Russia)
|Буряад
|-
|Abkhazian
|Аҧсуа
|-
|Chichewa
|Chi-Chewa
|-
|Fijian
|Na Vosa Vakaviti
|-
|Lak
|Лакку
|-
|Kikuyu
|Gĩkũyũ
|-
|Zhuang
|Cuengh
|-
|[[Bemba]]
|Bemba
|Zambia
|-
|Fula
|Fulfulde
|-
|Joola
|
|-
|Shona
|chiShona
|-
|Hausa
|هَوُسَ
|-
|Sango
|Sängö
|-
|Sichuan Yi
|ꆇꉙ
|-
|Choctaw
|Choctaw
|-
|Kirundi
|Kirundi
|-
|Marshallese
|Ebon
|-
|Cheyenne
|Tsetsêhestâhese
|-
|Ndonga
|Oshiwambo
|-
|Kuanyama
|Kuanyama
|-
|Zuni
|
|-
|Muscogee
|Muskogee
|-
|Kanuri
|Kanuri
|-
|Herero
|Otsiherero
|-
|Tokipona
|Tokipona
|-
|Bo
|http://globalvoicesonline.org/2010/02/08/india-death-of-a-prehistoric-language/
|-
|Koro
|http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11479563
|-
|Kaqchikel Maya
|
|-
|quién sabe
|
|-
|Mixtec
|http://whp.uoregon.edu/dictionaries/mixtec/
|-
|
|
|-
|Athabascan
|https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/27055
|-
|
|
|-
|Miskito language:
|[[Nicaragua World University and School]]
|-
|Rama language:
|Nicaragua
|-
|Sumo language:
|Nicaragua
|-
|Miskito Coastal Creole language:
|Nicaragua
|-
|[[Garifuna language]]:
|Nicaragua, Honduras
|-
|Rama Cay Creole language:
|Nicaragua
|
|-
|Pawpaw French
|http://www.npr.org/2014/09/23/349853440/saving-a-french-dialect-that-once-echoed-in-ozarks
|-
|[[Saskatchewan Doukhobor Russian language]]
|Saskatchewan Doukhobor Russian language
|http://www.scirp.org/Journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=22781
|Canada
|-
|[[Diyari language]]
|https://www.academia.edu/10050989/And_still_they_speak_Diyari_the_life_history_of_an_endangered_language
|Australia
|-
| [[Pama-Nyungan languages]]
| https://www.academia.edu/2309888/Computational_phylogenetics_and_the_internal_structure_of_Pama-Nyungan
|-
|
|
|-
|
|
|}
 
===Pidgins===
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add a Language</span>
! Language
! Written form
! Spoken
!
! Universal Translator
! Google Translate
! As Wikipedia Language
! Other Translator
!
!
!
!
!
!
! Other Info
! Tags
! Other
|-
|
|Nuristani | Nuristani || Nuristani | Nuristani || Afghanistan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
===Creoles===
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add a Language</span>
! Language
! Written form
! Spoken
!
! Universal Translator
! Google Translate
! As Wikipedia Language
! Other Translator
!
!
!
!
!
!
! Other Info
! Tags
! Other
|-
|
|Pashai | Pashai || Pashai | Pashai || Afghanistan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
===Dialects===
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add a Language</span>
! Language
! Written form
! Spoken
!
! Universal Translator
! Google Translate
! As Wikipedia Language
! Other Translator
!
!
!
!
!
!
! Other Info
! Tags
! Other
|-
|
|Brahui | Brahui || Brahui | Brahui || Afghanistan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
===Human Invented Languages===
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add a Language</span>
! Language
! Written form
! Spoken
!
! Universal Translator
! Google Translate
! As Wikipedia Language
! Other Translator
!
!
!
!
!
!
! Other Info
! Tags
! Other
|-
| [[Elvish, or Sindarin Language (from Tolkien)]]
|Khalkha Mongolian language | Khalkha Mongolian || Khalkha Mongolian | Khalkha Mongolian || Mongolia
| Elven Word List - http://lotr.wikia.com/wiki/Elven_Word_List
| Useful Elvish Phrases - http://www.arwen-undomiel.com/elvish/phrases.html
| The Elvish Dictionary - http://www.nevrast.net/dictionary.html
| David Salo's 2004 book "A Gateway to Sindarin: A Grammar of an Elvish Language from J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings" (University of Utah).
| Middle Earth)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Kesh
|Kesh (in Ursula Leguin's book "Always Coming Home")
|-
| [[Klingon language]]
| http://www.kli.org/
|
|
|-
|Na´vi - (from the film - "Avatar")
|http://www.learnnavi.org/
|
|
|-
| Invented language
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
===Extinct Languages===
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add a Language</span>
! Language
! Language code
! Language status
! Written form
! Spoken
!
! Universal Translator
! Google Translate
! As Wikipedia Language
! Other Translator
! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_extinct_languages
!
!
!
!
!
! Other Info
! Tags
! Other
|-
| [[Cromarty dialect of Scots language]]
|Kazakh language | Kazakh || Қазақ тілі | Қазақша || Mongolia
| Language code
| Extinct
| See: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2212466/Final-word-Scottish-Cromarty-dialect-silenced-forever-native-speaker-dies-aged-92.html
| See, too: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_time_of_extinction#cite_note-3
|
|
|
|
|-
| Extinct language
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
=== Free Language Learning===
 
{| class="infotable sortable"
! <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Add a Language</span>
! Language
! Written form
! Spoken
!
! Universal Translator
! Google Translate
! As Wikipedia Language
! Other Translator
!
!
!
!
!
!
! Other Info
! Tags
! Other
|-
| Avatar Language Learning in Second Life
|Tuvan language | Tuvan || Tuvan | Tuvan || Mongolia
| http://www.avatarlanguages.com/freepractice.php
| non-credit
| Second Life
| The 3D virtual world "Second Life" is full of places to practice a foreign language using 'voice,' and it's free.
| Many
|-
| Chinese I (Regular)
| http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/foreign-languages-and-literatures/21f-101-chinese-i-regular-spring-2006/?utm_source=editors-picks
| non-credit
| MIT
|
| Dr. Julian K. Wheatley
| Undergraduate, Graduate
|-
| German Language Class
| http://slurl.com/secondlife/Goethe%20Institut/128/128/2 and http://www.goethe.de/frm/sec/enindex.htm
| non-credit
| Second Life
| Free German language class in Second Life from the Goethe Institute. Meets on Tuesdays from 7-8 am Pacific Time.
| German
|-
| Greek - Learn Greek
| http://www.kypros.org/LearnGreek/
| non-credit
| Browser, Audio Player
| Learn Greek Online is currently composed of 105 real audio files (around 15 minutes each), online student notes, a collection of collaborative learning tools and an online greek dictionary and a greek spell checker - free of charge.
| Greek
|-
| Japanese Free Lessons
| http://www.freejapaneselessons.com
| non-credit
| Browser
| Learn how to speak, read, and write the Japanese language, including the Japanese alphabet (Hiragana and Katakana) as well as Kanji, Japanese grammar, Japanese sentence structure, and common Japanese phrases.
| Japanese
|-
| Japanese Online
| http://www.japanese-online.com
| non-credit
| Browser
| Free learning services to people who wish to study the Japanese language; Way for Japanese learners to find and talk to one another, as well as seek language exchange relationships with Japanese speakers. Japanese speakers seeking language exchange partners are also welcome.
| Japanese
|-
|Learn Japanese Adventure
|http://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com
|non-credit
|Browser
|One personal experiences on how to learn Japanese language. Learn how to speak and write Japanese online with free lessons. Increase your Japanese words, phrases and vocabulary.
|Japanese
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
==WUaS Idea- and Academic Resources==
 
 
===Ideas===
|-
|Khmer language | Khmer || ភាសាខ្មែរ | ភាសាខ្មែរ || Cambodia
 
|-
|Cham | Cham || ភាសាខ្មែរ | ភាសាខ្មែរ || Cambodia
 
===Language Code===
|-
|Khmer Loeu | Khmer || ភាសាខ្មែរ | ភាសាខ្មែរ || Cambodia
 
Language code (ISO 639):
 
Ethnologue page:
 
Language status:
|-
|Tok Pisin language | Tok Pisin || Tok_Pisin | Tok Pisin || Papua New Guineau
 
 
BCP 47 - Tags for Identifying Languages - IETF Tools
|-
http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47
|Hiri Motu language | Hiri Motu || ho: | Hiri Motu || Papua New Guineau
 
Ethnologue - (Ethnologue now uses ISO 639 codes) http://www.ethnologue.com/browse/codes
|-
|Bengali language | [[Bengali]] || বাংলা_ভাষা | বাংলা
 
Glottolog Languages (Showing 1 to 100 of 7,870 entries) - http://glottolog.org/glottolog/language
|-
|Spanish language | Idioma_español || Español | Spain | http://es.worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Portada
 
IANA language subtag registry
|-
https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry
|German language | German || Deutsche Sprache | Deutsch
 
ISO 639 (International Organization for Standardization)
|-
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/language_codes.htm
|French language | [[French]] || Français | [[Français]]
 
ISO-639-3
|-
http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/codes.asp
|Polish language | Polish || Język_polski | Polski
 
ISO-639-6
|-
(This aims to include any and all language variants and it is not that interested in using the political term what language has become).
|Japanese language | [[Japanese]] || 日本語 | [[日本語]]
http://www.geolang.com/iso639-6/
 
Language Subtag Lookup
|-
(A nice tool maintained by W3C corroborator Richard Ishida to look up current IANA defined language tags, and their constituents (subtags)).
|Italian language|| Italian || Lingua_italiana | Italiano
http://rishida.net/utils/subtags/
 
|-
|Dutch language | Dutch || Nederlands | Nederlands
|-
 
===Publish my article in a WUaS academic journal in this subject===
|Portuguese language
| [[Portuguese]] || Língua_portuguesa | [[Português]]
 
Open Journal Systems. 2012. [http://pkp.sfu.ca/?q=ojs Open Journal Systems]. Public Knowledge Project.
|-
|Russian language | [[Russian]] || Русский_язык | [[Русский]]
 
(WUaS's wiki, information technologies and criteria for this - informed by the WUaS academic journal subject matter - are developing, since you can already publish your article at http://www.academia.edu).
|-
|Swedish language | Swedish || Svenska | Svenska
 
|-
|Chinese languages | [[Chinese languages]] || 汉语 | [[中文]]
 
===Select Bibliographies===
|-
|Norwegian (Bokmål) language | [[Norwegian (Bokmål)]] || Norsk språk | [[Norsk (Bokmål)]]
 
|-
|Finnish language | [[Finnish]] || Suomen_kieli | [[Suomi]]
 
===Select Blogs, Blog Aggregators===
 
Ethnoblog. 2013. [http://www.ethnologue.com/ethnoblog Ethnoblog].
|-
(The Ethnoblog is a place where the Ethnologue Editor and others talk about language in general, items in the news regarding language and languages, and developments, products, and projects being worked on by the Ethnologue staff (and others). Dallas, TX: www.ethnologue.com/ethnoblog.
|Catalan language | Catalan || Català | Català
 
|-
|Volapük language | Volapük || Volapük_perevidöl | Volapük
 
===Select Book Groups, Study Groups, Musical Groups, etc.===
|-
|Romanian language | Romanian || Limba_română | Română
 
Begin a Google + Hangout: https://plus.google.com/u/0/108179352492243955816/posts
|-
|Turkish language | Turkish || Türkçe | Türkçe
 
Calendar: https://www.google.com/calendar/
|-
|Ukrainian language | Ukrainian || Українська_мова | Українська
 
|-
|Esperanto language | Esperanto || Esperanto | Esperanto
 
===Select Book Reviews===
|-
|Czech language | Czech || Čeština | Čeština
 
|-
|Slovak language | Slovak || Slovenčina | Slovenčina
 
===Select Books, eBooks===
|-
|Hungarian language | Hungarian || Magyar_nyelv | Magyar
 
Add an ISBN.
|-
|Danish language | Danish || Dansk_(sprog) | Dansk
 
|-
|Indonesian language | Indonesian || Bahasa_Indonesia | Bahasa Indonesia
 
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Wikibooks
|-
|Hebrew language | Hebrew || עברית | עברית]
 
|-
|Lithuanian language | Lithuanian || Lietuvių kalba | Lietuvių
 
Allee, Verna. 2011. [http://www.valuenetworksandcollaboration.com/home/aboutthisbook.html Value Networks and the true nature of collaboration]. (Why a free live digital edition?
|-
This book is being provided as a live digital edition for two reasons: 1)
|Korean language | Korean || 한국어 | 한국어
It can be instantly translated into any of the 52 languages supported by
Google Translate, and 2) It will allow continuous updating and additions
of cases and examples provided by users of this approach. We are
publishing the details of conducting a Value Network Analysis (VNA) as a
non-proprietary methodology. This means it can more readily meet the open
method requirements of standards bodies. We encourage adoption of the
method in its full integrity - as a method and framework for business
modeling. ). valuenetworksandcollaboration.com/home/aboutthisbook.html .
 
Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2013. [http://www.ethnologue.com Ethnologue: Languages of the World]. (The Ethnologue is a list of 7,105 known living languages, as a main basis for WUaS Languages and Universal Translator). Seventeenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
|-
|Serbian language | Serbian || Српски_језик | Српски / Srpski
 
Sapir, Edward. 1921. Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace.
|-
|Slovenian language | [[Slovenian]] || Slovenščina | Slovenščina
 
UNESCO. 2012. [http://www.icde.org/en/icde_news/UNESCO+book+on+multilingualism+in+cyberspace.b7C_wJzM16.ips UNESCO book on multilingualism in cyberspace]. June 20. (http://net-lang.net/). Paris, France: icde.org.
|-
|Arabic language | [[Arabic]] || لغة عربية | العربية
 
|-
|Bulgarian language | Bulgarian || Български език | Български
 
===Select Channels===
|-
|Estonian language | Estonian || Eesti_keel | Eesti
 
|-
|Croatian language | Croatian || Hrvatski_jezik | Hrvatski
 
===Select Communities, Email lists, etc.===
|-
|Newar / Nepal Bhasa language | Newar / Nepal Bhasa || नेपालभाषा | नेपाल भाषा
 
Listing of all the public emailing lists at Wikimedia:
|-
https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo
|Vietnamese language | Vietnamese || Tiếng_Việt | Tiếng Việt
 
|-
|Telugu language | Telugu || తెలుగు | తెలుగు
 
(See also editable World University and School's 'You at World University' page: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/You_at_World_University).
|-
|Norwegian (Nynorsk) language | [[Norwegian (Nynorsk)]] || Nynorsk | [[Nynorsk]] ||
 
|-
|Persian language | Persian || فارسی | فارسی
 
===Select Conference Materials===
|-
|Thai language | Thai || ภาษาไทย | ไทย
 
|-
|Galician language | Galician || Lingua_galega | Galego
 
===Select Conferences Online===
|-
|Greek language | Greek || Ελληνική_γλώσσα | Ελληνικά
 
|-
|Cebuano language | Cebuano || Sinugboanon | Sinugboanong Binisaya
 
===Select Databases===
|-
|Malay language | Malay || Bahasa_Melayu | Bahasa Melayu
 
|-
|Basque language | Basque || Euskara | Euskara
 
===Select Dictionaries===
|-
|Bosnian language | Bosnian || Bosanski jezik | Bosanski
 
|-
|Bishnupriya Manipuri language | Bishnupriya Manipuri || বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী | ইমার ঠার/বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
 
===Select Encyclopedias===
|-
|Luxembourgish language | Luxembourgish || Lëtzebuergesch | Lëtzebuergesch
 
|-
|Georgian language | Georgian || ქართული ენა | ქართული
 
===Select Facts===
|-
|Icelandic language | [[Icelandic]] || Íslenska | [[Íslenska]]
 
|-
|Albanian language | Albanian || Gjuha_shqipe | Shqip
 
===Select Films===
|-
|Latin language | Latin || Lingua_Latina | Latina
 
|-
|Breton language | Breton || Brezhoneg | Brezhoneg
 
===Select Film Reviews===
|-
|Hindi language | Hindi || हिन्दी | हिन्दी
 
|-
|Azeri language | Azeri || Azərbaycan dili | Azərbaycan
 
===Select Forums, Spaces, etc.===
|-
|Macedonian language | Macedonian || Македонски_јазик | Македонски
 
|-
|Marathi language | Marathi || मराठी भाषा | मराठी
 
===Select Funding Sources===
|-
|Serbo-Croatian language | Serbo-Croatian || Srpskohrvatski_jezik | Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски
|-
|Tagalog language | Tagalog || Wikang_Tagalog | Tagalog
 
|-
|Welsh language | Welsh || Cymraeg | Cymraeg
 
===Google + Hangouts, Group Video, etc.===
|-
|Ido language | Ido || Ido | Ido
 
Language Practice Hangouts. 2015. [https://sites.google.com/site/englishpracticehangouts/gmt--02-00-argentina Language Practice Hangouts - Multi-lingual]. Argentina: sites.google.com/site/englishpracticehangouts/gmt--02-00-argentina .
|-
|Piedmontese language | Piedmontese || Lenga_piemontèisa | Piemontèis
 
|-
|Latvian language | Latvian || Latviešu valoda | Latviešu
 
===Select Humor===
|-
|Tamil language | Tamil || தமிழ் | தமிழ்
 
|-
|Sundanese language | Sundanese || Basa_Sunda | Basa Sunda
 
===Select Idea Competitions / Conversations / Dialogues===
|-
|Occitan language | Occitan || Occitan | Occitan
 
Language Practice Hangouts. 2014. [https://plus.google.com/communities/117021348126795052161 Language Practice Hangouts]. plus.google.com/communities/117021348126795052161.
|-
|Javanese language | Javanese || Basa_Jawa | Basa Jawa
 
Language Practice Hangouts. 2014. [https://plus.google.com/communities/117021348126795052161 Language Practice Hangouts]. plus.google.com/communities/117021348126795052161.
|-
|Neapolitan language | Neapolitan || Lengua napulitana | Nnapulitano
 
|-
|Low Saxon language | Low Saxon || Plattdüütsch | Plattdüütsch
 
===Select Images, Infographics, etc.===
|-
|Sicilian language | Sicilian || Lingua_siciliana | Sicilianu
 
|-
|Belarusian language | Belarusian || Беларуская мова | Беларуская
 
===Select Institutes, etc.===
|-
|Asturian language | Asturian || Asturianu | Asturianu
 
|-
|Kurdish language | Kurdish || Zimanê kurdî | Kurdî / كوردی
 
===Select Interviews===
|-
|Walloon language | Walloon || Walon | Walon
 
|-
|Afrikaans language | Afrikaans || Afrikaans | Afrikaans
 
===Select Journals, Serials, etc.===
|-
|Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa) language | Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa) || Беларуская мова | Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
 
Current Issues in Language Planning. 2011. [http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/rclp Current Issues in Language Planning]. (The journal Current Issues in Language Planning provides major summative and thematic review studies spanning and focusing the disparate language policy and language planning literature related to: 1) polities and language planning and 2) issues in language planning.). Routledge.
|-
|Aragonese language | Aragonese || Idioma_aragonés | Aragonés
 
|-
|Tajik language | Tajik || Забони тоҷикӣ | Тоҷикӣ
 
===Select Labs===
|-
|Ripuarian language | Ripuarian || Ripoarėsch (Shprooch) | Ripoarisch
 
|-
|West Frisian language | West Frisian || Frysk | Frysk
 
===Select Lectures===
|-
|Chuvash language | Chuvash || Чăваш чĕлхи | Чăваш
 
|-
|Venetian language | Venetian || Łéngua_vèneta | Vèneto
 
===Select Libraries, Archives, Collections, etc.===
|-
|Cantonese language | Cantonese || 粵語 | 粵語
 
(See also editable World University and School's Library Resources' page: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Library_Resources).
|-
|Tarantino language | Tarantino || roa-tara | Tarandíne
 
|-
|Urdu language | Urdu || اردو | اردو
 
===Select Maps===
|-
|Irish language | Irish || Gaeilge | Gaeilge
 
Harrison, K. David. 2011. [http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/enduring-voices/ Language Hot Spots]. Washington DC: National Geographic.
|-
|Samogitian language | Samogitian || Žemaitiu_kalba | Žemaitėška
 
|-
|Maori language | Maori || Reo_Māori | Māori
 
===Select Multimedia===
|-
|Scottish Gaelic language | Scottish Gaelic || Gàidhlig | Gàidhlig
 
|-
|Malayalam Language | Malayalam || മലയാളം | മലയാളം
 
===Select Museums===
|-
|Yoruba language | Yoruba || Èdèe_Yorùbá | Yorùbá
 
(See also editable World University and School's Museums' page:
|-
http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Museums).
|Corsican language | Corsican || Lingua_corsa | Corsu
 
|-
|Kannada language | Kannada || ಕನ್ನಡ | ಕನ್ನಡ
 
===Select Newspapers, News===
|-
|Kapampangan language | Kapampangan || Kapampangan_(amanu) | Kapampangan
 
|-
|Yiddish language | Yiddish || יידיש | ייִדיש
 
===Select Office Hours===
|-
|Upper Sorbian language | Upper Sorbian || Hornjoserbšćina | Hornjoserbsce
 
|-
|Interlingua language | Interlingua || Interlingua | Interlingua
 
===Select Photos===
|-
|Limburgian language | Limburgian || Limburgs | Limburgs
 
|-
|Sanskrit language | Sanskrit || संस्कृत | संस्कृतम्
 
===Select Platforms===
|-
|Alemannic language | Alemannic || Alemannische_Dialekte | Alemannisch
 
edx-platform. 2014. https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/edx-platform/ edx-platform: the edX learning management system (LMS) and course authoring tool]. (edx-platform
|-
the edX learning management system (LMS) and course authoring tool, Studio — http://code.edx.org/). transifex.com/projects/p/edx-platform/.
|Armenian language | Armenian || Հայերեն | Հայերեն
 
|-
|Tatar language | Tatar || Tatar_tele | Tatarça / Татарча
 
===Select Programs, Applications, Languages, Software===
|-
|Aromanian language | Aromanian || Limba_armãneascã | Armãneashce
 
Babelfy. 2014. [http://babelfy.org/ Babelfy]. (Babelfy is a unified, multilingual, graph-based approach to Entity Linking and Word Sense Disambiguation based on a loose identification of candidate meanings coupled with a densest subgraph heuristic which selects high-coherence semantic interpretations). babelfy.org .
|-
|Min Nan language | Min Nan || Bân-lâm-gú | Bân-lâm-gú
 
BabelNet. 2014. [http://babelnet.org/ BabelNet]. (BabelNet is both a multilingual encyclopedic dictionary, with lexicographic and encyclopedic coverage of terms in 50 languages, and a semantic network which connects concepts and named entities in a very large network of semantic relations, made up of more than 9 million entries). babelnet.org/ .
|-
|Pangasinan language | Pangasinan || Salitan_Pangasinan | Pangasinan
 
IBM Watson Developer Cloud. 2015. [http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/ibmwatson/developercloud/ IBM Watson Developer Cloud]. Armonk, NY: ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/ibmwatson/developercloud/ .
|-
|Banyumasan language | Banyumasan || Basa_Banyumasan | Basa Banyumasan
 
|-
|Wu language | Wu || 吴语 | 吴语
 
===Select Questions, Inquiries, Problems===
|-
|Faroese language | Faroese || Føroyskt (mál) | Føroyskt
 
|-
|Norman language | Norman || Normaund | Nouormand/Normaund
 
===Select Quotes, Quotations, etc.===
|-
|West Flemish language | West Flemish || West-Vlams | West-Vlams
 
|-
|Lombard language | Lombard || Lengua_Lumbarda | Lumbaart
 
===Select RSS Feeds===
|-
|Dutch Low Saxon language | Dutch Low Saxon || Nederlaands_Leegsaksisch | Nedersaksisch
 
|-
|Romansh language | [[Romansh]] || Rumantsch | [[Rumantsch]] ||
 
===Select Recordings===
|-
|Northern Sami language | Northern Sami || Davvisámegiella | Sámegiella
|-
|Nepali language | Nepali || नेपाली भाषा | नेपाली
 
|-
|Waray-Waray language | Waray-Waray || Winaray | Winaray
 
===Select References===
|-
|Friulian language | Friulian || Lenghe_furlane | Furlan
 
Amos, Jonathan. 2012. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-17081573 Digital tools 'to save languages']. Vancouver, Canada: BBC News.
|-
|Ligurian language | Ligurian || Lengua_ligure | Líguru
 
Ava. 2011. [http://tusb.stanford.edu/2011/10/how-to-succeed-in-foreign-language-without-really-trying.html How to Succeed in Foreign Language Without Really Trying]. Stanford, CA: tusb.stanford.edu .
|-
|Novial language | Novial || Novial | Novial
 
Content translation. 2015. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation Content translation]. mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation .
|-
|Scots language | Scots || Scots_leid | Scots
 
Crotty, James. 2012. [http://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesmarshallcrotty/2012/08/31/amaras-wiki-style-translation-platform-enables-global-expansion-of-education-startups/ Amara's Wiki-Style Translation Platform Enables Global Growth Of Education Startups]. August 31. Forbes.com.
|-
|Divehi language | Divehi || ދިވެހި | ދިވެހިބަސް
 
Darnton, Robert. 2014. [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2014/may/22/world-digital-library-coming-true/ A World Digital Library Is Coming True!]. May 22. New York, NY: The New York Times.
|-
|Bihari language | Bihari || भोजपुरी_भाष | भोजपुरी
 
Dunham, Elizabeth. 2011. [http://www.oregonlive.com/living/index.ssf/2011/04/an_alaska_native_who_lives_in.html An Alaska native who lives in Portland battles cancer while working to save a tribe's language]. April 13. Portland, OR: Oregon Live.
|-
|Zazaki language | Zazaki || Zazaki | Zazaki
 
Eamer, Allyson. 2014. [http://globalvoicesonline.org/2014/07/03/technology-helps-people-learn-save-languages/ How Technology Is Helping People Learn—and Even Save—the World's Languages]. July 3. Cambridge, MA: globalvoicesonline.org/2014/07/03/technology-helps-people-learn-save-languages/ .
|-
|Pali language | Pali || पाली भाषा | पाऴि
 
The Endangered Languages Project. 2012. [http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2012/06/endangered-languages-project-supporting.html The Endangered Languages Project: Supporting language preservation through technology and collaboration]. googleblog.blogspot.com.
 
Ethnologue. 2014. [https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Ethnologue.html Ethnologue]. Princeton, NJ: princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Ethnologue.html .
|-
|Ilokano language | Ilokano || Pagsasao nga Iloko | Ilokano
 
For winners of UN essay contest, multilingualism makes the world go ‘round. 2014. [http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=48160 For winners of UN essay contest, multilingualism makes the world go ‘round]. New York, NY: un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=48160 .
|-
|Ossetian language | Ossetian || Ирон_æвзаг | Иронау
 
Góes, Paula. 2012. [http://globalvoicesonline.org/2012/07/26/translation-declaration-internet-freedom/ Global: A Marathon to Translate the Declaration of Internet Freedom]. July 26. Cambridge, MA: Global Voices Online.
|-
|Classical Chinese language | Classical Chinese || 文言 | 古文 / 文言文
 
Graham, Mark (and Jon Hughes?). 2014. [http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/888660-geotagging-reveals-wikipedia-is-not-quite-so-equal-after-all-2/ Geotagging Reveals Wikipedia Is Not Quite So Equal After All]. London, UK: theepochtimes.com/n3/888660-geotagging-reveals-wikipedia-is-not-quite-so-equal-after-all-2/ .
|-
|Maltese language | Maltese || Lingwa_Maltija | Malti
 
Green, Cable. 2012. [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/35072 World OER Map: Will You Help Build It?]. November 9th. San Francisco, CA: creativecommons.org
|-
|Franco-Provençal/Arpitan language | Franco-Provençal/Arpitan || Arpitan | Arpitan
 
Harrison, K. David. 2011. [http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/enduring-voices/ Disappearing Languages: Enduring Voices Project, Endangered Languages, Map, Facts, Photos ...]. Washington DC: National Geographic.
|-
|Ladino language | Ladino || Idioma_djudeo-espanyol | Dzhudezmo
 
Harrison, K. David. 2011. [http://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/langhotspots/ Global Language HotSpots]. Swarthmore, PA: Swarthmore College.
|-
|Võro language | Võro || Võro_kiil | Võro
 
Knowles, Jamillah. 2011. [http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/11/01/global-voices-podcast-bridging-the-language-gaps/ Global Voices Podcast: Bridging the Language Gaps]. November 21. globalvoicesonline.org.
|-
|Pennsylvania German language | Pennsylvania German || Pennsilfaanisch_Deitsch | Deitsch
|-
|Kashubian language | Kashubian || Kaszëbsczi jãzëk | Kaszëbsczi
 
Language Information. 2014. [http://www.ethnologue.com/about/language-info Language Information]. ethnologue.com/about/language-info .
|-
|Bavarian language | Bavarian || Boarische Språch | Boarisch
 
Lardinois, Frederic. 2013. [http://techcrunch.com/2013/03/01/google-launches-sign-language-interpreter-app-for-hangouts-adds-accessibility-features-to-gmail-drive-and-chrome/ Google Launches Sign Language Interpreter App For Hangouts, Adds Accessibility Features To Gmail, Drive And Chrome]. March 1. techcrunch.com.
|-
|Cornish language | Cornish || Kernewek | Kernewek/Karnuack
 
Lewis, Paul. 2011. [http://www.ethnologue.org/ethno_docs/distribution.asp Ethnologue: Languages of the World - Statistical Summaries]. (16th edition). Dallas, TX: Ethnologue.org.
|-
|Tongan language | Tongan || Lea_fakatonga | faka Tonga
 
MacLeod, Scott. 2014. [http://scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2014/05/black-oystercatcher-haematopus-bachmani.html Black Oystercatcher - Haematopus bachmani: New "Clinical Trials at WUaS (for all languages)" at WUaS, Examples of "Living," "Extinct" and "Invented" languages at WUaS,"Scottish Gaelic language", "Cromarty dialect of Scots language", "Elvish, or Sindarin language (from Tolkien)", WUaS Universal Translator ... along with the main "Languages" and the new "LANGUAGE TEMPLATE" with which you can begin a new language, and related school or MIT OCW-centric University at WUaS … New subjects at WUaS this month ... WUaS monthly business meeting meets tomorrow, Saturday, May 10, 2014, electronically in Free Conference Call this month, and all are welcome]. May 9. scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2014/05/black-oystercatcher-haematopus-bachmani.html.
|-
|Mongolian language | Mongolian | Монгол хэл | Монгол
 
MacLeod, Scott. 2015. [http://scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2015/03/camellia-sasanqua-9000-languages-and.html Camellia sasanqua: 9,000 Languages and their Countries in a spreadsheet is an amazing WUaS development because each of these languages, in this list, will become an open editable wiki school in that language and the larger languages will become accrediting universities in their nation states and also the basis for an Universal Translator, Suggestions for adding their populations of native speakers to this list?]. March 13. scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2015/03/camellia-sasanqua-9000-languages-and.html.
|-
|Hawaiian language | Hawaiian || ‘Ōlelo_Hawai‘i | Hawai`i
 
MacLeod, Scott. 2014. [http://scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2014/04/mountain-sagewort-think-of-12-main.html Mountain sagewort: think of the 12 main links ... Languages, Countries, Applications to WUaS ... Music School ... Research ... in the table on this page as a kind of HOBBIT HOLE from JRR Tolkien ... at ... http://scottmacleod.com/interlingual/worlduniversityandschool.html ... "Gandalf in the meantime was still standing outside the door ... ," The portal is made ..., The possibility of a WUaS universal translator, which will include human invented languages, such as the Elvish language, called Sindarin, created by Tolkien, for example, in addition to the 7,105 languages listed in the "The Ethnologue" and because WUaS is wiki, Some Elvish language, or Sindarin language, resources]. April 10. scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2014/04/mountain-sagewort-think-of-12-main.html .
 
MacLeod, Scott. 2015. [http://scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2015/02/native-flax-seed-plants-very-cool.html native flax seed plants: Very Cool - A Guidebook and a Test, for A.I. and machine learning at WUaS, Translatable, in an Universal Translator, Textbooks/Guidebooks as Courses, Think the California Drivers' Manual and Related Test, or The New Testament and Quizzes - with a focus on Love - in 1,300+ of the largest languages in the world out of 7,870, 10K and 2K Reward ISSIP WUaS Grand Challenges, Clinical Trials in All Languages, Scottish Gaelic is unintelligible in Google Translate and probably has fewer than 100,000 speakers for an Universal Translator of the largest languages, How the New Testament teaches love, Tests for the New Testament, as beginning examples for coding for machine learning and AI for an Universal Translator, A wee breakthrough, How to code AI, Guidebooks and Tests for flourishing learning enjoyment?]. February 25. San Francisco, CA: scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2015/02/native-flax-seed-plants-very-cool.html .
|-
|Manx language | Manx || Gaelg | Gaelg
 
MacLeod, Scott. 2015. [http://scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2015/03/red-macaw-zapotec-biblenew-testament-as.html Red Macaw: Zapotec, The Bible/New Testament as a basis for the WUaS Universal Translator, WUaS Business Plan]. March 5. scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2015/03/red-macaw-zapotec-biblenew-testament-as.html .
 
MCGONEGAL, JOE. 2014. [http://slice.mit.edu/2014/09/29/edx_languages/?test=1969921742 Coding Towards Vietnam: edX in Translation]. Cambridge, MA: slice.mit.edu/2014/09/29/edx_languages/?test=1969921742 .
 
Mieszkowski, Jan. [https://www.academia.edu/8517822/Ich_Ach_Auch_Certain_Also-Ran_Languages_of_Jacques_Derrida Ich, Ach, Auch: Certain Also-Ran Languages of Jacques Derrida]. Cambridge, MA: academia.edu/8517822/Ich_Ach_Auch_Certain_Also-Ran_Languages_of_Jacques_Derrida.
|-
|Anglo-Saxon language | Anglo-Saxon || Englisc_sprǣc | Englisc
 
Moro, Andrea, Alessandro Raganato and Roberto Navigli. 2014. Entity Linking meets Word Sense Disambiguation: A Unified Approach. (TACL), 2. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics.
|-
|Lingala language | Lingala || Lingála | Lingala
 
Parra, Juliana Rincón. 2011. [http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/02/22/video-learning-a-new-language-through-online-video/ Video: Learning a New Language Through Online Video]. February 22. (Aymara, Swahili, Quechua, KhoeKhoegowab, Welsh, Bangla).Cambrdige, MA: Global Voices Online.
|-
|Interlingue language | Interlingue || Interlingue | Interlingue
 
phobos. 2011. [https://blog.torproject.org/blog/whither-website-translations Whither website translations]. September 28. blog.torproject.org.
 
The Problem of Language Identification. 2014. [http://www.ethnologue.com/about/problem-language-identification The Problem of Language Identification]. ethnologue.com/about/problem-language-identification .
|-
|Gujarati language | Gujarati || ગુજરાતી_ભાષા | ગુજરાતી
 
Power, Brian. 2015. [http://www.latg.org/2014/10/8-language-tools-not-heard-of.html/ 8 Great Language Learning Tools You Haven’t Heard Of]. www.latg.org/2014/10/8-language-tools-not-heard-of.html/ .
|-
|Tahitian language | Tahitian || Reo_Tahiti | Reo Mā`ohi
 
redletterdave. 2012. [http://news.slashdot.org/story/12/06/21/2128239/google-launches-endangered-languages-project Google Launches Endangered Languages Project]. June 21. news.slashdot.org
|-
|Crimean Tatar language | Crimean Tatar || Qırımtatar tili | Qırımtatarca
 
Roberts, Sam. 2010. [Listening to (and Saving) the World’s Languages http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/29/nyregion/29lost.html]. April 28. New York, NY: The New York Times.
|-
|Wolof language | Wolof || Wolof | Wolof
 
Sarhadi, Atefeh. 2012. [http://www.academia.edu/2285175/Ver.2_of_OP_Old_Persian_Fonts_Unicode_and_Ultra-Unicode._Linking_standard_OP_transliteration_to_the_original_OP_text Ver.2 of OP (Old Persian) Fonts: Unicode & Ultra-Unicode. Linking standard OP transliteration to the original OP text]. San Francisco, CA: academia.edu.
|-
|Lojban language | Lojban || lojban | Lojban
 
Sittig, Helen. 2011. [http://www.rnw.nl/africa/article/who-wants-lose-their-mother-tongue-0 Who wants to lose their mother tongue?]. February, 22. Amsterdam, NL: Radio Netherlands Worldwide.
|-
|Aymara language | Aymara || Aymar_aru | Aymar
 
Sookmyung Women's University’s SNOW Launches OCW Translations. 2012. [http://ocw.mit.edu/about/media-coverage/press-releases/snow/ Sookmyung Women's University’s SNOW Launches OCW Translations]. ("SNOW joins Universia (Spanish, Portuguese), China Open Resources for Education (Simplified Chinese), Opensource Opencourseware Prototype System (Traditional Chinese), Chulalongkorn University (Thai), The Turkish Academy of Sciences (Turkish) and Shahid Beheshti University (Persian) as MIT OpenCourseWare translation affiliates. Together these organizations have created more than 1,000 translations of OCW courses. These translations have received more than 135 million visits to date, accounting for roughly 40% of worldwide access to MIT OpenCourseWare content."). Cambridge, MA: ocw.mit.edu
|-
|Sardinian language | Sardinian || Limba_sarda | Sardu
 
Soulskill. 2011. [http://tech.slashdot.org/story/11/11/21/1910257/how-technology-is-shaping-language How Technology Is Shaping Language]. November 21. tech.slashdot.org.
|-
|Sinhalese language | Sinhalese || සිංහල භාෂාව | සිංහල
 
Stian. 2010. [http://reganmian.net/blog/2010/12/09/p2pu-in-24-different-languages/ P2PU in 24 different languages!]. reganmian.net
|-
|Zealandic language | Zealandic || Zeêuws | Zeêuws
 
Timothy. 2011. [http://science.slashdot.org/story/11/02/27/0256218/Device-Addresses-Healthcare-Language-Barrier Device Addresses Healthcare Language Barrier]. February 26. science.slashdot.org.
|-
|Emilian-Romagnol language | Emilian-Romagnol || Langua emiglièna-rumagnôla | Emiliàn e rumagnòl
 
Vold Lexander, Kristin. 2011. [http://www.media-anthropology.net/file/lexander_multilingtext.pdf Names U ma puce: multilingual texting in Senegal]. (Working paper presented to the Media Anthropology Network e-seminar. European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) 17-31 May 2011 - http://www.media-anthropology.net/index.php/e-seminars). University of Oslo.
|-
|Kirghiz language | Kirghiz || Кыргыз тили | Кыргызча
 
Whitty, Julia. 2012. [http://www.motherjones.com/blue-marble/2012/05/human-cultures-decline-alongside-speciesHuman Languages Decline as Species Disappear]. May 14. San Francisco, CA: Mother Jones.
|-
|Igbo language | Igbo || Asusu Igbo | Igbo
 
Zuckerman, Ethan. 2008. [http://www.ethanzuckerman.com/blog/the-polyglot-internet/ The Polyglot Internet]. Cambridge, MA: ethanzuckerman.com.
|-
|Oriya language | Oriya || ଓଡ଼ିଆ | ଓଡ଼ିଆ
 
|-
|Malagasy language | Malagasy || Fiteny_malagasy | Malagasy
 
===Select Search Engines===
|-
|Zamboanga Chavacano language | Zamboanga Chavacano || Chavacano | Chavacano de Zamboanga
 
|-
|Kongo language | Kongo || Kikongo/Kituba | KiKongo
 
===Select Simulations, Applets and Visualizations===
|-
|Gilaki language | Gilaki || گیلکی | گیلکی
 
|-
|Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Assyrian Neo-Aramaic || ܠܫܢܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ | ܐܪܡܝܐ
 
===Select Slideshows===
|-
|Romani language | Romani || Romani chib | romani - रोमानी
 
|-
|Guarani language | Guarani || Avañe'ẽ | Avañe'ẽ
 
===Select Societies, Associations, Groups, Networks, etc.===
|-
|Moldovan language | Moldovan || Лимба_молдовеняскэ | Молдовеняскэ
 
|-
|Kabyle language | Kabyle || Taqbaylit | Taqbaylit
 
===Select Study Guides===
|-
|Kashmiri language | Kashmiri || कॉशुर ज़बान | कश्मीरी / كشميري
 
|-
|Saterland Frisian language | Saterland Frisian || Seeltersk | Seeltersk
 
===Select Syllabi===
|-
|Chechen language | Chechen || Нохчийн мотт | Нохчийн
 
|-
|Central_Bicolano language | Central_Bicolano || Bikol | Bikol
 
===Select Teachers with Email Addresses/Contact Information===
|-
|Udmurt language | Udmurt || Удмурт_кыл | Удмурт кыл
 
|-
|Mazandarani language | Mazandarani || Tabərski zivun | مَزِروني
 
===Select Tests, Exams, etc.===
|-
|Papiamentu language | Papiamentu || Ortografia_di_papiamentu | Papiamentu
 
|-
|Old Church Slavonic language | Old Church Slavonic || Словѣньскъ ѩзыкъ | Словѣньскъ
 
===Select Textbooks===
|-
|Sakha language | Sakha || Саха тыла | Саха тыла
 
|-
|Tetum language | Tetum || Lia-tetun | Tetun
 
===Select Theses, Dissertations, Papers, etc.===
|-
|Sindhi language | Sindhi || سنڌي ٻولي | سنڌي، سندھی ، सिन्ध
 
|-
|Lao language | Lao || lo: | ລາວ
 
===Select Timelines===
|-
|Bashkir language | Bashkir || Башҡорт теле | Башҡорт
 
|-
|Punjabi language | Punjabi || ਪੰਜਾਬੀ | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
 
===Select Twitters===
|-
|Inuktitut language | Inuktitut || ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ/inuktitut | ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ
 
Avila, Eddie. 2014. [http://rising.globalvoicesonline.org/blog/2014/02/17/tweet-in-your-mother-language-on-february-21/ Tweet in Your Mother Language on February 21]. February 17. Cambridge, MA: rising.globalvoicesonline.org.
|-
|Nauruan language | Nauruan || Dorerin Naoero | dorerin Naoero
 
|-
|Gothic language | Gothic || 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 | 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺
 
MacLeod, Scott GK. 2023.
|-
|Tibetan language | Tibetan || bo: | བོད་སྐད
 
Love it: And why do people love#JRRTolkien's writings & what is #TheHobbit's #MoralityWUaS? GREAT:"Polarity of #Morality and the Lord of the Rings: What is Evil?"#Allegory https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaIWrote #ReedCollege #JuniorQualifyingExam on #Theodicy @AimeTim @WorldUnivAndSch~
|-
https://twitter.com/scottmacleod/status/1740453503242522768
|Lower Sorbian language | Lower Sorbian || Dolnoserbšćina | Dolnoserbski
https://twitter.com/TheOpenBand/status/1740453894419886445
https://twitter.com/WUaSPress/status/1740454000628318381
https://twitter.com/HarbinBook/status/1740453831484297245
https://twitter.com/sgkmacleod/status/1740453712940978445 
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1740453646653968537
 
*
|-
Love it: And why do people love#JRRTolkien's writings? What is #TheHobbit's #MoralityWUaS? Great:"Polarity of #Morality and the Lord of the Rings: What is Evil?"#WUaSAllegory #GoodAndEvil https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaIWrote #ReedCollege #JuniorQualifyingExam on #Theodicy @AimeTimTo https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien) @WorldUnivAndSch 
|Cherokee language | Cherokee || ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ | ᏣᎳᎩ
 
*Love it: JRRTolkienPolarity of Morality and the Lord of the Rings What is Evil?#WUaSAllegory #GoodAndEvil https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaI
|-
Thnks @HelloFutureMe
|Min Dong language | Min Dong || Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ | Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄
 
To https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien) 
|-
*LANGUAGE? Why do people like#JRRTolkien's writings? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenlandic_Norse#/media/File%3ARunesten_fra_Kingittorsuaq.jpg? extinct ones like #GreenlandicNorse? https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien)? @WorldUnivAndSch #WUaSinventedLanguages #WUaSLanguages All, Ever, incl. 7168 #WUaSKnownLivingLanguages https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages as #LLMs +
|Hakka language | Hakka || Hak-kâ-fa | Hak-kâ-fa / 客家話
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1740471358352662626
https://twitter.com/sgkmacleod/status/1740471302232633769
https://twitter.com/HarbinBook/status/1740471237393154205
https://twitter.com/TheOpenBand/status/1740471153225793673
https://twitter.com/WUaSPress/status/1740471097202544682?t=fG-f2G4Xlw-ho2rbJWzi_w&s=19
 
https://twitter.com/scottmacleod/status/1740470981909754036?t=aSO3EKFLhPqsyJfMHuicIA&s=19
|-
|Burmese language | Burmese || ဗမာစာ | မ္ရန္မာစာ
 
|-
|Samoan language | Samoan || Gagana_fa'a_Sāmoa | Gagana Samoa
 
|-
|Ewe language | Ewe || Eʋegbe | Eʋegbe
 
*
|-
LANGUAGE? Why do people like#JRRTolkien's writings? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenlandic_Norse#/media/File%3ARunesten_fra_Kingittorsuaq.jpg? https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien)? @WorldUnivAndSch #WUaSinventedLanguages #WUaSLanguages All, Ever, incl. 7168 #WUaSKnownLivingLanguages https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages & extinct ones like #GreenlandicNorse as #LLMs +
|Uyghur language | Uyghur || Uyghur_tili | Oyghurque
 
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1740470589427753018
|-
|Assamese language | Assamese || অসমীয়া ভাষা আৰু লিপি | অসমীয়া
 
|-
|Avar language | Avar || МагIарул мацI | Авар
 
|-
|Bambara language | Bambara || Bamanankan | Bamanankan
 
|-
|Zulu language | Zulu || IsiZulu | isiZulu
 
*
|-
LANGUAGE? Why do people love#JRRTolkien's writings? https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaI to https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien) @WorldUnivAndSch for #WUaSinventedLanguages #WUaSLanguages All Ever incl. 7168 #WUaSKnownLivingLanguages https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages & extinct ones like GreenlandicNorse as #LLMs +
|Navajo language | Navajo || Diné bizaad | Diné bizaad
 
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1740469277164278219
|-
|Cree language | Cree || cr: | Nehiyaw
 
|-
|Norfolk language | Norfolk || pih: | Norfuk
 
*
|-
#WUaSSumerian
|Swati language | Swati || SiSwati | SiSwati
 
Language it? Why do people love#JRRTolkien's writings? https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaI to https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien) @WorldUnivAndSch for #WUaSinventedLanguages #WUaSLanguages All Ever incl. 7168 #WUaSKnownLivingLanguages https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages & extinct ones like #WUaSSumerian as #LLMs +
|-
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1740468482884731288
|Venda language | Venda || TshiVenda | Tshivenda
 
|-
|Bislama language | Bislama || Bislama | Bislama
 
*Latin isn't extinct 
|-
Language it? Why do people love#JRRTolkien's writings? https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaI to https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien) @WorldUnivAndSch for #WUaSinventedLanguages #WUaSLanguages All Ever incl. 7168 #WUaSKnownLivingLanguages https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages & extinct ones like #WUaSLatin as #LLMs +
|Chamorro language | Chamorro || ch: | Chamoru
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1740467598800875825
 
|-
|Xhosa language | Xhosa || IsiXhosa | isiXhosa
 
*Love it: And why do people love#JRRTolkien's writings & what is #TheHobbit's #MoralityWUaS? GREAT:"Polarity of #Morality and the Lord of the Rings: What is Evil?"#Allegory https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaIWrote #ReedCollege #JuniorQualifyingExam on #Theodicy @AimeTim @WorldUnivAndSch~
|-
https://twitter.com/scottmacleod/status/1740453503242522768
|Greenlandic language | Greenlandic || Kalaallisut | Kalaallisut
https://twitter.com/TheOpenBand/status/1740453894419886445
https://twitter.com/WUaSPress/status/1740454000628318381
https://twitter.com/HarbinBook/status/1740453831484297245
https://twitter.com/sgkmacleod/status/1740453712940978445 
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1740453646653968537
 
|-
|Inupiak language | Inupiak || Iñupiak uqautchit | Iñupiak
 
*Love it: And why do people love#JRRTolkien's writings? What is #TheHobbit's #MoralityWUaS? Great:"Polarity of #Morality and the Lord of the Rings: What is Evil?"#WUaSAllegory #GoodAndEvil https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaIWrote #ReedCollege #JuniorQualifyingExam on #Theodicy @AimeTimTo https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien) @WorldUnivAndSch 
|-
|Buginese language | Buginese || Basa Ugi | Basa Ugi
 
|-
|Dzongkha language | Dzongkha || རྫོང་ཁ་ | ཇོང་ཁ
 
*Love it: JRRTolkienPolarity of Morality and the Lord of the Rings What is Evil?#WUaSAllegory #GoodAndEvil https://youtu.be/tQHdHqTktaI
|-
Thnks @HelloFutureMe
|Tsonga language | Tsonga || Xitsonga | Xitsonga
 
To https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Elvish,_or_Sindarin_Language_(from_Tolkien) 
|-
|Tswana language | Tswana || Setswana | Setswana
 
|-
|Komi language | Komi || Коми кыв | Коми
 
Pittsburgh, PA: https://scott-macleod.blogspot.com/2023/12/rose-st-national-flower-of-sao-tome-and.html.
|-
|Tumbuka language | Tumbuka || ChiTumbuka | chiTumbuka
 
|-
|Kalmyk language | Kalmyk || Хальмг_келн | Хальмг
 
|-
|Sesotho language | Sesotho || Sesotho | Sesotho
 
MacLeod, Scott GK. 2023.
|-
|Twi language | Twi || Twi | Twi
 
Russian courses' website logo -
|-
|Buryat (Russia) language | Buryat (Russia) || bxr: | Буряад
 
@sgkmacleod (Languages @WorldUnivAndSch - all 7151) Someone #WikiAdded "Каталог онлайн-курсов" (Catalog of online courses) - https://poiskovoe-prodvizhenie.ru/ - in Russian https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages >https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/The_%22Universitian%22_Newspaper_at_WUaS where wiki Russian #WUaScourses https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Courses would be best
|-
|Akan language | Akan || ak: | Akana
 
https://twitter.com/TheOpenBand/status/1662471646224035842
|-
|Abkhazian language | Abkhazian || Аҧсуа бызшәа | Аҧсуа
 
|-
|Chichewa language | Chichewa || Chicheŵa | Chi-Chewa
 
WUaS logo -
|-
@sgkmacleod (Languages @WorldUnivAndSch - all 7151) Someone #WikiAdded "Каталог онлайн-курсов" (Catalog of online courses) - https://poiskovoe-prodvizhenie.ru/ - in Russian https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages >https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/The_%22Universitian%22_Newspaper_at_WUaS where wiki Russian #WUaScourses https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Courses would be best
|Fijian language | Fijian || fj: | Na Vosa Vakaviti
 
https://twitter.com/WorldUnivAndSch/status/1662469198235197446
|-
|Lak language | Lak || Лакку маз | Лакку
 
https://twitter.com/sgkmacleod/status/1662469612921925633
|-
|Kikuyu language | Kikuyu || Gĩgĩkũyũ | Gĩkũyũ
 
https://twitter.com/scottmacleod/status/1662470189462478848?s=20
|-
|Zhuang language | Zhuang || Sawcuengh | Cuengh
 
https://twitter.com/WUaSPress/status/1662470918940024833
|-
|Bemba language | [[Bemba]] || Bemba | Bemba || Zambia
 
https://twitter.com/HarbinBook/status/1662472070112968705
|-
|Fula language | Fula || Fulfulde | Fulfulde
 
|-
|Luganda language | Luganda || lg: | Luganda
 
|-
|Shona language | Shona || ChiShona | chiShona
 
===Select Video and Audio===
|-
|Hausa language | Hausa || ha: | هَوُسَ
 
Clayton, Steve. 2012. [http://blogs.technet.com/b/next/archive/2012/11/08/microsoft-research-shows-a-promising-new-breakthrough-in-speech-translation-technology.aspx Microsoft Research shows a promising new breakthrough in speech translation technology]. Redmond, WA: blogs.technet.com.
|-
|Sango language | Sango || sg: | Sängö
 
Finn, Amy S., Taraz Lee, Allison Kraus, Carla L. Hudson Kam. 2014. [https://www.academia.edu/8065980/When_It_Hurts_and_Helps_to_Try_The_Role_of_Effort_in_Language_Learning When It Hurts (and Helps) to Try: The Role of Effort in Language Learning]. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
|-
|Sichuan Yi language | Sichuan Yi || ii: | ꆇꉙ
 
Lazar, Jonathan. 2011. [http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/11/lazar Preventing Societal Discrimination: Accessible Web Design for People with Disabilities]. Cambridge, MA: Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University.
|-
|Choctaw language | Choctaw || Chahta_Anumpa | Choctaw
 
Lee, Reena Singhal, and ? (interviewer). 2013. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u9RhAdxs7zI CS4HS with Reena Lee]. December 11. (This video is private, however). Mountain View, CA: plus.google.com/u/0/+GoogleinEducation/posts.
|-
|Kirundi language | Kirundi || Kirundi | Kirundi
 
MCCLELAND, JACOB. 2014. [http://www.npr.org/2014/09/23/349853440/saving-a-french-dialect-that-once-echoed-in-ozarks Saving A French Dialect That Once Echoed In The Ozarks]. September 23. NPR.
|-
|Marshallese language | Marshallese || Kajin_M̧ajeļ | Ebon
 
Parra, Juliana Rincón. 2011. [http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/02/22/video-learning-a-new-language-through-online-video/ Video: Learning a New Language Through Online Video]. February 22. Global Voices Online.
|-
|Cheyenne language | Cheyenne || chy: | Tsetsêhestâhese
 
Powell, Will. 2012. [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw6dJDMmnlw Project Glass: Translation...inspired - subtitles in glasses (English Spanish conversation)]. (inspired by google's project glass I put together an application that can provide translated subtitles in real time. It allows me and my sister Elizabeth to have a conversation when I speak English and she speaks Spanish). youtube.com.
|-
|Ndonga language | Ndonga || ng: | Oshiwambo
 
Quinn, Conor. 2012. [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6a6vVIdQBd0 Hacking Language Learning: Dr. Conor Quinn at TEDxDirigo]. TEDxDirigo.
|-
|Kuanyama language | Kuanyama || kj: | Kuanyama
 
ShaoLan. 2013. [http://www.ted.com/talks/shaolan_learn_to_read_chinese_with_ease Learn to read Chinese ... with ease!]. (Subtitles available in 48 languages). ted.com/talks/shaolan_learn_to_read_chinese_with_ease .
|-
|Nante language | [[Nante]] || Nante | [[Nante]] ||
 
Smith, Dave. 2012. [http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/355046/20120621/google-endangered-languages-project-speech-culture-video.htm Google Launches Endangered Languages Project To Preserve Global Speech, Culture (VIDEO)]. International Business Times.
|-
|Muscogee language | Muscogee || Mvskoke | Muskogee
 
Truseneye92. 2010. [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dABo_DCIdpM The English Language In 24 Accents]. YouTube.com channel.
|-
|Kanuri language | Kanuri || kr: | Kanuri
 
Van Deusen-Scholl, Nelleke. 2014. [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-jpl3M1kCI Yale Center for Language Study Shared Course Initiative]. (At the Online Education Open Forum held on February 24, 2014, Nelleke Van Deusen-School, Director of the Center for Language Study, shared the collaborative arrangement with Cornell and Columbia to share less commonly taught languages, offer several languages that are not otherwise taught on our campuses, via videoconferencing from a partner institution in the CLS Shared Course Initiative). New Haven, CT: Yale University.
|-
|Herero language | Herero || hz: | Otsiherero
 
Zanuttini, Raffaella. 2013. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GV7ePmOoGacSo social: linguistic pride for grammatical diversity]. New Haven, CT: YaleCampus Youtube channel.
|-
|Tokipona language | Tokipona || tokipona: | Tokipona
 
 
|}
===Select Video Conferences===
 
 
===Select Video with Subtitles for Translation===
 
 
===Select Videocasts and Podcasts===
 
 
===Select Websites===
 
Amara Translation. 2013. [http://www.amara.org/en/ Amara Translation]. New York, NY: amara.org/en/.
 
Duolingo. 2013. [http://duolingo.com/ Duolingo: Free language education for the world]. duolingo.com/.
 
Ethnologue: Languages of the World. 2013. [http://www.ethnologue.com Ethnologue: Languages of the World]. Seventeenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
 
Hammarström, Harald & Forkel, Robert & Haspelmath, Martin & Nordhoff, Sebastian. 2014.
Glottolog 2.3. (Available online at http://glottolog.org, Accessed on 2015-01-12. Lists 7,870 languages currently. Glottolog is an initiative of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology). Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
 
Languages and Multilingualism. 2012. [http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/cultural-diversity/languages-and-multilingualism/ Languages and Multilingualism]. UNESCO.org.
 
MIT OpenCourseware. 2012. [http://www.universalsubtitles.org/en/teams/MIT-OCW/ MIT OpenCourseware]. Cambridge, MA: www.universalsubtitles.org/en/teams/MIT-OCW/.
 
Meedan. 2013. [http://meedan.org/ Meedan]. (Meedan’s mission is to forward cross-cultural understanding and collaboration by providing people, partners and communities with advanced technologies to exchange ideas, information and knowledge across languages, focusing primarily on English and Arabic). San Francisco, CA: meedan.org.
 
Mitchell, Ryan and Yuki Yamada. 2013. [http://javasaur.com/wikivis/
Wikipedia Edits Around the Globe: The Where and When of Language]. (In multiple languages). Cambridge, MA: javasaur.com/wikivis/.
 
One Laptop per Child Translate. 2012. http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Translate.
 
World Oral Literature Project. 2012. [http://www.oralliterature.org/
World Oral Literature Project - voices of vanishing worlds]. Cambridge, UK: University of Cambridge Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.
 
 
===Select Wikidata Queries===
 
 
===Select Wikis===
 
WIL: Wiki for Indigenous Languages. 2013. [http://wil.cdh.ucla.edu/ WIL: Wiki for Indigenous Languages]. (Indigenous Language Revitalization Links; see, too David Shorter's Center for Digital Humanities' UCLA web page - http://www.cdh.ucla.edu/people/faculty/434-david-shorter-short-bio.html). Los Angeles, CA: wil.cdh.ucla.edu .
 
 
WikiBase (http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Wikibase_Client)
 
WikiData (http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikidata)
 
 
===Select Workshops===
 
 
===Select Writers, Researchers, etc.===
 
 
===Subjects' Social Networking Sites===
 
 
===Tutoring===
 
 
===Wikimedia Commons===
 
Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
 
 
===Wikipedia===
 
Wikipedia: https://www.wikipedia.org/
 
 
===Wikiquotes===
 
Wikiquotes: https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page
 
 
===Wikisource===
 
Wikisource: https://wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page
 
 
===Wikivoyage===
 
Wikivoyage: https://www.wikivoyage.org/
 
 
===World University and School Links===
 
African languages: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/African_languages
 
Artificial Intelligence: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence
 
Assistive Technologies: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Assistive_Technologies
 
English as a Second Language: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/English_as_a_Second_Language
 
European languages: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/European_languages
 
Foreign Languages and Literatures: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Foreign_Languages_and_Literatures
 
Indigenous languages of the Americas: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas
 
Language: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Language
 
Languages: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Languages
 
Languages of China:
 
Languages of India:
 
Linguistics: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Linguistics
 
Native American Languages: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Native_American_Languages
 
Papuan languages: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Papuan_languages
 
Translators at WUaS: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Translators_at_WUaS
 
United Nations: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/United_Nations
 
Voice and Computing: http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/Voice_and_Computing
 
WUaS Universal Translator: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/WUaS_Universal_Translator
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
==WUaS Navigation==
 
 
===Academic Advising at WUaS===
 
 
===Academic Press at World University and School===
 
Academic Press at World University and School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Academic_Press_at_World_University_and_School
 
 
===Access to Live, or Email, University Technical Expertise===
 
Ask a question in a specific discipline, or find, for example, a Robotics' or Computer programmer, or Translator, easily and freely.
 
 
===Additional Categories===
 
 
===Admissions at World University and School===
 
Admissions' Department: hhttps://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Admissions_at_World_University_and_School
 
Flyer seeking degree-oriented, WUaS students: 'Quaker-informed World University & School seeks friendly, undergraduate students for free, online, Greatest Universities-centric, bachelor’s degrees to apply in the autumn of 2013, for matriculation in autumn 2014' - http://scottmacleod.com/WUaSFriendsFlyerforProspectiveStudentApplicants.pdf - and accessible here, also - http://scottmacleod.com/WUaSNoticeArchive.html. WUaS holds open, electronically-mediated, hour-long, monthly business meeting on the second Saturdays at 9 am Pacific Time, in the manner of Quakers - email worlduniversityandschool@gmail.com if you'd like to participate.
 
 
===Assistive Technologies===
 
WUaS plans to anticipate numerous developing assistive technologies for sight-impaired, hearing-impaired, and similar -
 
Assistive Technologies: hhttps://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Assistive_Technologies
 
 
 
===Blog at World University and School===
 
http://worlduniversityandschool.blogspot.com/
 
 
===Bookstore / Computer Store (New & Used) at World University and School===
 
Bookstore / Computer Store (New & Used) at WUaS: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Bookstore_/_Computer_Store_%28New_%26_Used%29_at_WUaS
 
with educational electronics, as well;
with musical instruments;
value pricing ... 2% below market, consistently;
available via mail and electronically;
 
 
===Bulletin Board (like University Bulletin Boards for Students)===
 
to post things you have for sale, or announcements
 
 
===Calendar (Schedule what you'd like to teach)===
 
Calendar: https://www.google.com/calendar/
 
Join the World University and School Google + Group to add to its wiki-like calendar to teach an open, free class or course, converse about ideas, and jam (e.g. musically or theater improvisation): https://plus.google.com/u/0/b/108179352492243955816/ .
 
 
===Careers===
 
Career counseling: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Career_counseling
 
Finding / creating a job you really love: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Finding_/_creating_a_job_you_really_love
 
WUaS Job hunting: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/WUaS_Job_hunting
 
 
===Counseling===
 
Counseling: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Counseling
 
 
===Coordinates===
 
Geodetic datums such as WGS84 or GPS
 
Geohash keys
 
... in a virtual world
 
 
===Credits===
 
 
 
Many thanks to each of you!
 
Please feel free to hyperlink your name to a location of your choice (or tell WUaS where to link to - worlduniversityandschool@gmail.com). Please do not hesitate to let WUaS know if you think that somebody (including yourself) has been forgotten, now or in the future; please include a URL, which is, of course, one main way identity created on the internet.
 
 
 
===Digital and Print course catalog===
 
Digital course catalog
 
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VRHhXYsk-V9lvSh5onaU2hnEhwoapSN7HyBK1P09LIk/edit?usp=sharing
 
 
 
===Digital To Do===
 
Android
 
 
Brainwave device / Headset
 
 
Broadcast to radio frequencies
 
 
Broadcast to TV / television
 
 
Create EMail group for page
 
 
Digital Text to Audio file format (Browse Aloud / Read Aloud?)
 
 
Google Glass
 
 
OCW Mirror Site Instructions: http://ocw.mit.edu/about/mirror-site-program/mirror-site-instructions/
 
 
Oculus Rift
 
 
Print
 
 
Publish to DVD
 
 
Recommend
 
 
Send to phone
 
 
Tablets
 
 
Translate
 
 
Videophone
 
 
===Free Degrees / Credit===
 
OCW Audio Video Courses:
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/audio-video-courses/
 
Admissions at World University and School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Admissions_at_World_University_and_School
 
Conference Method of Teaching and Learning: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Conference_Method_of_Teaching_and_Learning
 
The College at World University and School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/The_College_at_World_University_and_School
 
Ph.D. Degrees at World University and School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Ph.D._Degrees_at_World_University_and_School
 
World University Law School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/World_University_Law_School
 
World University Medical School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/World_University_Medical_School
 
World University Music School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/World_University_Music_School
 
WUaS International Baccalaureate Diploma and Programme: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/WUaS_International_Baccalaureate_Diploma_and_Programme
<br />
(beginning with United Nations' languages - Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), English, French, (German too), Russian, Spanish)
 
 
===In Google Earth===
 
Google Earth.
 
 
===In Virtual World===
 
(Search on the word 'lists' here, too: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Virtual_Worlds)
 
Active Worlds Educational Universe (AWEDU). 2012. http://www.activeworlds.com
 
Alice. 2012. http://www.alice.org/
 
Minecraft. 2012. www.minecraft.net
 
Edusim. 2013. http://edusim3d.com/
 
Gifted Kids.ie. 2013. http://www.giftedkids.ie/daynuv.html
 
Google Street View. 2017. https://www.google.com/streetview/
 
Kaneva. 2014. http://www.kaneva.com/
 
Open Cobalt. 2013. http://www.opencobalt.org/
 
OpenSim. 2012. http://opensimulator.org/wiki/Main_Page (http://www.scribd.com/doc/57959626/OpenSimulator-School-Quick-Start-Guide)
 
Open Croquet. 2012. http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?OpenCroquet and http://www.opencroquet.org/
 
Open Wonderland. 2012. http://openwonderland.org/
 
Primary Games. 2013. http://www.primarygames.com/arcade/virtualworlds.php
 
Quest Atlantis. 2012. http://atlantisremixed.org/ (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZoT3pilNPI).
 
Second Life - Harvard's virtual island. 2012. http://slurl.com/secondlife/Berkman/115/53/25 - and teach, learn and share ideas - in group voice chat, or in group type chat, and via building.
 
SmallWorlds. 2014. https://www.smallworlds.com/
 
There.com. 2014. http://www.there.com/
 
Twinity. 2014. http://www.twinity.com/en/choose-your-free-avatar
 
Unity3D. 2012. http://unity3d.com/
 
WiloStar3D. 2013. https://www.wilostar3d.com/
 
World of Warcraft in School. 2014. http://wowinschool.pbworks.com/w/page/5268731/FrontPage
 
 
 
Add a learning-oriented virtual world here:
 
Travel to this virtual island to learn building:
 
 
===Item Number===
 
Global ID and Multiple IDs - see https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/New_sites_system
 
Bar code
 
 
===Labels===
 
 
===Learning Networking===
 
Teach and Learn using free Social Networking software to share what courses, etc., you find edifying, what you enjoy learning ....
 
 
About Me - World University and School -
http://about.me
 
 
Academia.edu's World University and School - http://worlduniversityandschool.academia.edu/
 
Facebook.com's World University and School - http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=48753608141 ('This group may be archived').
 
 
Good Reads - http://www.goodreads.com/group/show/99021-worlduniversityandschool
 
 
Google + Profiles - worlduniversityandschool@gmail.com - Scott MacLeod - https://plus.google.com/115890623333932577910/
 
 
Google + Profiles Company page - worlduniversityandschool@gmail.com - World University and School - https://plus.google.com/u/0/b/108179352492243955816/108179352492243955816/posts
 
 
Google Groups' World University and School - http://groups.google.com/group/World-University-and-School
 
 
Like
 
 
LinkedIn's World University and School - http://www.linkedin.com/groups/World-University-School-4024337
 
 
Quora - http://www.quora.com/
 
 
Research Gate - http://www.researchgate.net/
 
 
Redditt.com's World University and School - http://www.reddit.com/user/WorldUnivandSch/
 
 
Tribe.net's World University and School - http://tribes.tribe.net/worlduniversityandschool
 
 
Twitter.com's World University and School - http://twitter.com/WorldUnivandSch
 
 
Wer Kennt Wen - World University and School - http://www.wer-kennt-wen.de/
 
 
World University & School 'subject page' group
 
 
World University & School Share This
 
 
Yahoo Groups' World University and School: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/worlduniversityandschool/
 
 
===Linked Open Data===
 
Linked Open Data, Linked Data for artificial intelligence and machine learning, with a focus on privacy and security.
 
 
 
===List of Wikipedias===
 
List of Wikipedias. 2015. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias List of Wikipedias]. meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias .
 
 
===RSS Feed===
 
 
 
===Save this page for download in the following formats===
 
atom
 
GeoJSON
 
csv.csvm
 
map.html
 
csv
 
xls
 
rdf
 
klm
 
 
===TV-Live Broadcasting===
 
Broadcast to television
 
 
Teach and learn using free TV-Live Broadcasting software to the web:
 
 
Google Meets - https://meet.google.com
 
 
Justin TV - http://www.justin.tv
 
 
Livestream TV - http://www.livestream.com
 
 
UnHangouts - https://unhangout.media.mit.edu/
 
 
Ustream TV - http://ustream.tv
 
 
 
===Video Communication===
 
Teach and learn using free TV-Live Broadcasting software
 
 
''Free video conferencing''
 
iChat - http://www.apple.com/macosx/what-is-macosx/ichat.html
 
 
Skype - http://www.skype.com/
 
 
''Free, group video conferencing''
 
AnyMeeting - http://anymeeting.com/homepage/
 
Google Meet - https://meet.google.com
 
Meeting Burner - http://www.meetingburner.com/index?page=signup-v2 – up to 15 connection
 
ooVoo - http://www.oovoo.com/home.aspx
 
Paltalk - http://www.paltalk.com
 
sifonr - free communication - http://www.sifonr.com/‎
 
Tokbox | OpenTok - API - http://tokbox.com/opentok
 
Vyew - http://vyew.com/
 
Web Huddle - https://www.webhuddle.com/homepage.jsp - http://sourceforge.net/projects/webhuddle/
 
Zoom.us - Cloud HD Video Meetings - http://zoom.us/
 
 
 
=== Universal Translator at WUaS ===
 
https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/WUaS_Universal_Translator
 
Google Translate language:
 
Sugar Labs: Translation System language:
 
Region:
 
 
'''Select Translators'''
 
Babelxl. 2015. [http://babelxl.com/ Babelxl: the best translator]. http://babelxl.com/ .
 
Babylon Online Translation. 2015. [http://translation.babylon.com/ Babylon Online Translation]. (Offering hundreds of dictionaries and translation in more than 800 language pairs). translation.babylon.com/ .
 
Free-translator.com. 2015. [http://free-translator.com/ Free-translator.com]. free-translator.com/ .
 
Google Translate. 2015. [https://translate.google.com/ Google Translate]. translate.google.com/ .
 
SDL Free Translation. 2015. [http://www.freetranslation.com/ SDL Free Translation]. freetranslation.com/ .
 
Word Lingo Free Translation Tools. 2015. [http://www.worldlingo.com/en/products/ Word Lingo Free Translation Tools and Machine Translation Products]. worldlingo.com/en/products/ .
 
 
'''Select Video with Subtitles for Translation'''
 
Amara.org. 2015. [http://www.amara.org/en/ Amara.org: Captions, subtitles, and translations simplified]. (Amara makes video globally accessible: Captions, subtitles, and translations simplified). amara.org/en/
 
TED Open Translation Project. 2015. [https://www.ted.com/about/programs-initiatives/ted-open-translation-project TED Open Translation Project]. (See - https://www.ted.com/about/programs-initiatives/ted-open-translation-project - and - https://www.ted.com/participate/translate/get-started). ted.com/about/programs-initiatives/ted-open-translation-project .
 
 
===The "Universitian" Newspaper at World University and School===
 
[[The "Universitian" Newspaper at WUaS]]
 
 
=== Wiki Software for Courses ===
 
 
Media Wiki - http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki
 
 
PB Works - http://pbworks.com/
 
 
Wet Paint - http://wikisineducation.wikifoundry.com/
 
 
Wikia - http://www.wikia.com/Wikia
 
 
Wikispaces - http://www.wikispaces.com/
 
 
===Wikidata / Bots ===
 
http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikidata/Bots
 
 
 
===World University and School Accreditation===
 
 
 
===World University and School Licensing===
 
World University and School - like Wikipedia with Greatest Universities' OpenCourseWare - incorporated as a nonprofit effective April 2010 and is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, educational organization charity.
 
World University & School is a community of learners and teachers who value — and are themselves strengthened by — the rich diversity of its participants. In order to cultivate a flourishing teaching, learning and creating conversation in a diverse and complex world, WUaS welcomes all languages, students, families, faculty, board members, and staff with differences based on (but not limited to) race, color, ethnicity, religion, age, gender, sexual orientation, family structure, and economic background.
 
All content on this site is freely available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ .
 
 
 
 
===World University and School Main Areas===
 
<br />
WUaS: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/World_University
<br />
Admissions' Department: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Admissions_at_World_University_and_School
<br />
Courses: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Courses
<br />
Subjects: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Subjects
<br />
Languages: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Languages
<br />
Library Resources: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Library_Resources
<br />
Nation States: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Nation_States
<br />
You at World University: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/You_at_World_University
<br />
Educational Software: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Educational_Software
<br />
Museums: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Museums
<br />
Research: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Research
<br />
Hardware Resource Possibilities: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Hardware_Resource_Possibilities
<br />
Frequently Asked Questions at World University & School:
https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Frequently_Asked_Questions
<br />
World University Foundation: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/World_University_Foundation
 
 
===Templates at World University and School===
 
<br />
LANGUAGE TEMPLATE: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/LANGUAGE_TEMPLATE
<br />
LIBRARY TEMPLATE: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/LIBRARY_TEMPLATE
<br />
MUSEUM TEMPLATE: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/MUSEUM_TEMPLATE
<br />
NATION STATE TEMPLATE: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/NATION_STATE_TEMPLATE
<br />
SUBJECT TEMPLATE: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/SUBJECT_TEMPLATE
 
<br />
Volunteers at World University and School: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/Volunteers
 
<br />
Home: https://wiki.worlduniversityandschool.org/wiki/World_University
<br />
For questions, or help editing a page, email: worlduniversityandschool@gmail.com
<br />
 
WUaS's Guidestar.org listing -
https://www.guidestar.org/organizations/27-3105368/world-university-school.aspx .
 
<br />
Please donate through PayPal to tax-exempt - 501 (c) (3) - World University and School at
<br />
http://worlduniversityandschool.org
<br />
Thank you!
<br />